ANNUAL REPORT
AND FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
2022
Contents
Notice of Annual General Meeting ................................................................................................................. 1
Notes to the Notice of the Annual General Meeting ...................................................................................... 2
Officers, Professional Advisors and Bankers ................................................................................................ 5
Statement of the Members of the Board of Directors .................................................................................... 6
Management Report ...................................................................................................................................... 7
Corporate Governance Report .................................................................................................................... 11
Remuneration Report .................................................................................................................................. 17
Directors’ Curricula Vitae ............................................................................................................................. 19
Independent Auditors’ Report ...................................................................................................................... 23
Consolidated Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income ........................................... 30
Company Statement of Profit or Loss and Other Comprehensive Income ................................................. 31
Consolidated Statement of Financial Position ............................................................................................. 32
Company Statement of Financial Position .................................................................................................. 33
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity ............................................................................................ 34
Company Statement of Changes in Equity ................................................................................................. 35
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows ...................................................................................................... 36
Company Statement of Cash Flows ............................................................................................................ 37
Notes to the Financial Statements ............................................................................................................... 38
ANNUAL REPORT 22 | 2
NOTES TO THE NOTICE OF THE ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING
ENTITLEMENT TO PARTICIPATE IN THE ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING
1. Any person appearing as a shareholder in the Register of Members of the Company on the record date is
entitled to participate in the Annual General Meeting. Each ordinary share is entitled to one vote. The record
date for determining the right to vote at the Annual General Meeting is 23 May 2023. Transactions which will
be taking place on 22 May 2023 and thereafter will not be considered in determining the right to vote at the
Annual General Meeting.
2. A member entitled to attend and vote at the Annual General Meeting is entitled to appoint a proxy to attend
and vote on his behalf. Shareholders may appoint any person as their proxy. Such proxy need not be a
member of the Company. Shareholders who appoint a proxy to vote on their behalf, but wish to specify how
their votes will be cast, should tick the relevant boxes on the Form of Proxy.
3. The instrument appointing a proxy, which is available on the website of the Company at www.vassiliko.com
(under Investors Relations), must be deposited at the Registered Offices of the Company (1A, Kyriakos Matsis
Avenue, 4
th
Floor, CY-1082 Nicosia, Cyprus, fax +357 24 332 651) 24 hours prior to the commencement of the
business of the Annual General Meeting.
4. If such appointor is a company, the Form of Proxy must bear the name of the company, and be signed by its
duly authorised officer/s. In the case of joint shareholders, the Form of Proxy can only be signed by the
person whose name appears first in the Register of Members. Shareholders should confirm that the form of
proxy has been successfully received by the Company by calling +357 24 855 555.
5. Shareholders and/or their proxies who will attend the Annual General Meeting are requested to carry with
them their identity card, or other proof of identification.
6. Any legal entity, which is a shareholder of the Company, may by resolution of its Directors or other governing
body, authorise such person, as it thinks fit to act as its representative at any meeting of the Company, and
the person so authorised shall be entitled to exercise the same powers on behalf of the corporation which
he/she represents, as that corporation could exercise, if it were an individual member of the Company.
VOTING PROCEDURES AT THE ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING
7. At the Annual General Meeting, a resolution put to the vote of the meeting shall be decided on a show of
hands, unless a poll is (before or on the declaration of the result of the show of hands) demanded:
a. by the Chairman, or
b. by at least three members present in person or by proxy, or
c. by any member or members present in person or by proxy and representing not less than one-tenth of the
total voting rights of all the members having the right to vote at the meeting, or
d. by a member or members holding shares in the Company conferring a right to vote at the meeting being
shares on which an aggregate sum has been paid up equal to not less than one-tenth of the total sum paid
up on all the shares conferring that right.
ANNUAL REPORT 22 | 3
NOTES TO THE NOTICE OF THE ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING (continued)
8. If a poll is demanded in the manner aforesaid, it shall be taken in such a manner, as the Chairman shall direct,
and the result of the poll shall be deemed to be the resolution of the meeting at which the poll was demanded.
The demand for a poll may be withdrawn.
SHAREHOLDERS RIGHTS AT THE ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING
9. Pursuant to article 127B of Cyprus Companies Law, Cap. 113, shareholders of the Company have the right to
put an item on the agenda of the Annual General Meeting, provided that the item is accompanied by a written
explanation justifying the inclusion of the item or the proposed resolution for approval at the Annual General
Meeting provided that:
a. the shareholder or group of shareholders hold at least 5% of the issued share capital of the Company,
representing at least 5% of the voting rights of shareholders entitled to vote at the meeting for which an
item has been added on the agenda, and
b. the shareholders’ request to put an item on the agenda or resolution (as described above) is received by
the Company’s Secretary in hard copy or electronically at the addresses indicated below at least 42 days
prior to the Annual General Meeting.
Vassiliko Cement Works Public Company Limited
1A, Kyriakos Matsis Avenue, 4
th
Floor, CY-1082 Nicosia, Cyprus
or by fax at +357 24 332 651
or by email at investors@vassiliko.com
10. Pursuant to article 128C of the Cyprus Companies Law, Cap. 113, shareholders have a right to ask questions
related to items on the agenda and to have such questions answered by the Board of Directors of the Company
subject to any reasonable measures the Company may take to ensure the identification of shareholders.
OTHER INFORMATION AND AVAILABLE DOCUMENTS
11. As at 30 March 2023, the issued share capital of the Company is €30.932.457 divided into 71.935.947 ordinary
shares of nominal value €0,43 each.
12. The Annual Report and Financial Statements of the Company for 2022 (incorporating the Notice to and
the Agenda of the Annual General Meeting, Explanatory Notes on the Agenda Items, the Management
Report, the Corporate Governance Report, the Remuneration Report, the Auditors Report and the Financial
Statements), and the Form of Proxy are available in electronic form on the website of the Company at
www.vassiliko.com (Investor Relations) and in hard copy at the Company’s Registered Offices, at 1A Kyriakos
Matsis Avenue, 4
th
Floor, 1082 Nicosia.
NOTES TO THE NOTICE OF THE ANNUAL GENERAL MEETING (continued)
EXPLANATORY NOTES
The formal Notice of the 2023 Annual General Meeting is set out on page 1. The Notice asks the shareholders of
Vassiliko Cement Works Public Company Limited to approve a number of items of business. For your information,
the explanatory notes below summarise the purpose of each resolution to be voted on by the Company’s
shareholders at this year’s Annual General Meeting.
RESOLUTION 1: TO CONSIDER THE MANAGEMENT REPORT
The Chairman will present the Management Report for the year 2022.
RESOLUTION 2: TO RECEIVE, CONSIDER AND APPROVE THE ANNUAL FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND
THE REPORT OF THE AUDITORS
The Chairman will present the Annual Financial Statements and KPMG Limited will present their Audit Report for
the year ended 31 December 2022.
RESOLUTION 3: APPROVE A DIVIDEND PAYMENT
The Directors proposed the payment of a dividend of €0,13 per share, €0,085 out of the profits of the year 2021
included in Retained Earnings and €0,045 out of the profits of 2022. If approved at the Annual General Meeting, the
dividend will be paid to the entitled shareholders registered as at 8 June 2023 (record date). The shares of the
Company will be traded ex-dividend as of 7 June 2023. Payment of the dividend will be made (effected) till the 4
July 2023.
RESOLUTION 4: RE-ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
In accordance with the articles of association Messrs Stavros Galatariotis, Costas Koutsos and Antonis Mikellides
are the Directors who will retire by rotation this year and offer themselves for re- election in accordance with the
Company’s Articles of Association.
Brief details of all Directors appear on pages 19 to 22 of the Annual Report.
RESOLUTION 4: RE-ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
The Shareholders are asked to approve the remuneration report that appears on pages 17 to 18.
RESOLUTION 6: TO FIX THE REMUNERATION OF THE DIRECTORS
The Shareholders are asked to approve that the remuneration of the Directors for the year 2023 remains the
same as for the previous year, i.e.:
€25.000 for the Chairman,
€20.000 for each of the Directors,
€300 representation allowance per presence in a meeting held.
RESOLUTION 7: APPOINTMENT OF AUDITORS
This resolution relates to the re-appointment of KPMG Limited as the Company’s auditors to hold office until the
next Annual General Meeting of the Company, and to authorise the Directors to set their remuneration.
ANNUAL REPORT 22 | 4
ANNUAL REPORT 22 | 5
OFFICERS, PROFESSIONAL ADVISORS AND BANKERS
Directors: ANTONIOS A. ANTONIOU (Executive Chairman)
GEORGE ST. GALATARIOTIS
COSTAS ST. GALATARIOTIS
STAVROS G. GALATARIOTIS
COSTAS KOUTSOS
CHARALAMBOS PANAYIOTOU
MAURIZIO MANSI MONTENEGRO
ANTONIS MIKELLIDES
ANTONIOS KATSIFOS (until 19/5/2022)
STELIOS S. ANASTASIADES
HAKAN GÜRDAL
MIHAIL POLENDAKOV (as from 19/5/2022)
General Manager: GEORGE S. SAVVA
Financial Manager: MELINA KYRIAKOU
Secretary: MARIA MAVRIDOU
Independent Auditors: KPMG LIMITED
14, ESPERIDON STREET
1087 NICOSIA
CYPRUS
Legal Advisοrs: TASSOS PAPADOPOULOS & ASSOCIATES
CHRYSSES DEMETRIADES & CO. LLC
L. PAPAPHILIPPOU & CO LLC
CHRISTYS & CO LLC
IOANNIDES DEMETRIOU LLC
Bankers: ALPHA BANK LTD
BANK OF CYPRUS PUBLIC COMPANY LTD
EUROBANK EFG CYPRUS LTD
HELLENIC BANK PUBLIC COMPANY LTD
NATIONAL BANK OF GREECE (CYPRUS) LTD
NATIONAL BANK OF GREECE SA
UBS SWITZERLAND AG
Registered office: 1A, KYRIAKOS MATSIS AVENUE
1082 NICOSIA
CYPRUS
Registered number: HE 1210
Internet website: www.vassiliko.com
ANNUAL REPORT 22 | 7
MANAGEMENT REPORT
The Board of Directors of Vassiliko Cement Works Public Company Limited (the “Company”) presents to the
members of the Company its annual report together with the audited consolidated and separate financial
statements of the Company for the year ended 31 December 2022.
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
The consolidated financial statements for the year 2022 include the results of the holding company, its subsidiaries
and associate companies.
PRINCIPAL ACTIVITIES
The Group's principal activities are the production of clinker and cement, which are distributed in the local and
international markets.
REVIEW OF DEVELOPMENTS, POSITION AND PERFORMANCE OF THE OPERATIONS
The revenue for 2022 reached 142.661 thousand compared to 101.419 thousand for 2021, showing an increase
of 40,7%.
Due to the Ukraine war and the subsequent energy crisis in Europe, coupled with rising CO
2
emissions prices,
operational costs have been significantly impacted. The Company has experienced adverse effects due to the
increased expenses associated with energy, shipping, and carbon emissions. Although the cost of fossil fuels was
significantly higher, the Company has partially offset this increase with the replacement with alternative fuels.
To address the ongoing challenges posed by the energy crisis, the Company is actively pursuing its strategy of
replacing traditional fossil fuels with alternative sources. This approach not only provides financial benefits but also
helps reduce the environmental impact of the Company's operations. The Company will continue to pursue this
strategy further to ensure long-term sustainability.
FINANCIAL RESULTS
The results of the Group are presented in the consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive
income. Profit for the year ended 31 December 2022 amounted to 12.897 thousand compared to 17.441
thousand in 2021.
DIVIDENDS
On 6 October 2022, the Board of Directors approved the payment of an interim dividend of €0,06 per share of
4.316 thousand.
The Board of Directors recommends the payment of a dividend of 9.352 thousand or €0,13 per share, €0,085 out
of the profits of the year 2021 included in Retained Earnings and €0,045 out of the profits of 2022.
MAIN RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES
Statements made in this report that are not historical facts, including the expectations for future volume and pricing
trends, demand for the products, energy costs and other market developments are forward looking statements.
These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions
(“Factors”), which are difficult to predict.
ANNUAL REPORT 22 | 8
MANAGEMENT REPORT (continued)
Some of the Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking
statements include, but are not limited to: the cyclical nature of the Company's business; national and regional
economic conditions; currency fluctuations; energy prices; emission rights price fluctuation; seasonal nature of the
Company’s operations; levels of construction spending and, in particular, in Government infrastructure projects
announced; supply/demand structure of the industry; competition from new or existing competitors; unfavourable
weather conditions during peak construction periods; changes in and implementation of environmental and other
governmental regulations. In general, the Company is subject to the risks and uncertainties of the construction
industry. The forward-looking statements are made as of this date and the Company undertakes no obligation to
update them, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Further information for risks and uncertainties to which the Group is exposed, is disclosed in note 34 of the
financial statements.
FUTURE DEVELOPMENTS
Due to the energy crisis and new EU directives on CO
2
emissions rights policy, the Company is facing several
challenges. These directives will also escalate the cost of emissions compliance even further. In response, the
Company is continuing to implement its strategy to replace traditional fossil fuels with alternative sources. This is
aimed at reducing the environmental impact of its operations and lowering the cost of compliance.
Furthermore,
the Company is in the process of expanding the Photovoltaic Park capacity, in an effort to reduce
further its enviromental footprint.
EVENTS AFTER THE REPORTING PERIOD
The important events that occurred after the reporting period are disclosed in note 38 of the financial statements.
SHARE CAPITAL
The issued share capital of the Company comprises 71.935.947 ordinary shares of €0,43 per share. There were
no changes to the share capital of the Company during 2022. The Company’s shares are listed on the Cyprus
Stock Exchange (CSE).
There are no restrictions on the transfer of the Company’s shares other than the requirements of the Market
Abuse Regulation, which relates to transactions by persons in possession of inside information and persons
discharging managerial responsibilities, as well as persons closely associated with them.
The Company does not have any shares in issue which carry special control rights.
AGREEMENTS WHICH ARE EFFECTIVE UPON A CHANGE OF CONTROL OF THE COMPANY
The Company has not contracted any agreement which becomes effective, is amended or ceases to apply in
case of change of control following a public tender offer to the Company’s shareholders or the proposal of a
resolution to the general meeting of the Company for a merger, acquisition or sale of its operations.
There are no agreements with the Executive Directors or employees of the Company providing for compensation
in case of resignation or dismissal without a valid reason or for termination of their employment due to a public
tender offer for the acquisition of the shares of the Company. In case of termination by the Company of the
employment of Executive Directors or employees, prior to their retirement, the Company has to compensate them
according to the provisions of the Law and the Company’s agreements with the Trade Unions.
DIRECTORS’ INTEREST IN THE SHARE CAPITAL OF THE COMPANY
The beneficial interest in the Company’s shares held by members of the Board of Directors, directly or indirectly,
at 31 December 2022 and 25 March 2023, is set out in note 30 of the Financial Statements.
ANNUAL REPORT 22 | 9
MANAGEMENT REPORT (continued)
BRANCHES
During the year, the Group did not operate any branches.
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
The members of the Board of Directors on the date of the report appear on page 5. In accordance with the
Company’s Articles of Association (Article 92), at the next Annual General Meeting, Messrs Stavros Galatariotis
(Non-Executive Director), Costas Koutsos (Non-Executive Director) and Antonis Mikellides (Independent Director)
retire from office by rotation and, being eligible, offer themselves for re-election.
The Directors who served during the period from 19 May 2022, the date of the last Annual General Meeting, till
this date were the following:
Antonios A. Antoniou
George St. Galatariotis
Costas St. Galatariotis
Stavros G. Galatariotis
Costas Koutsos
Charalambos Panayiotou
Maurizio Mansi Montenegro
Antonis Mikellides
Stelios S. Anastasiades
Hakan Gürdal
Mihail Polendakov
The responsibilities of the Directors as members of the Board Committees are disclosed in the Corporate
Governance Report.
There were no material changes to the compensation of the Board of Directors.
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE STATEMENT
The Company recognises the importance of implementing corporate governance principles and adopted the
CSE’s Corporate Governance Code and applies its principles. The CSE’s Corporate Governance Code is
available on the CSE website (www.cse.com.cy).
The Company has adopted the 5
th
Revised Edition of the Corporate Governance Code, issued by the Cyprus
Stock Exchange in January 2019, which is applicable for the Corporate Governance Report for the year ending
31 December 2019 onwards. At the date of this report, the principles of the Corporate Governance Code are
partly implemented, given that the Principle regarding Board Balance, the Provision B.1.2 of the Corporate
Governance Code, regarding the independence criteria of the members of the Remuneration Committee, and
the number of Audit Committee meetings were not fully met.
The Corporate Governance Report of the Company for 2022 is available on the website of the Company
(www.vassiliko.com).
The rules governing the composition and function of the Board of Directors and the appointment and replacement
of its members as well as the composition and function of the Board Committees are set out in Section B of the
Report on Corporate Governance.
ANNUAL REPORT 22 | 11
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT
SECTION A
The Company has adopted the 5
th
Revised Edition of the Corporate Governance Code, issued by the Cyprus
Stock Exchange in January 2019, which is applicable for the Corporate Governance Report for the year ending
31 December 2019 onwards. At the date of this report the principles of the Corporate Governance Code are
partly implemented, given that the Principle regarding Board Balance, the Provision B.1.2 of the Corporate
Governance Code, regarding the independence criteria of the members of the Remuneration Committee, and
the number of Audit Committee meetings were not fully met.
SECTION B
THE BOARD
The Company is headed by the Board of Directors, which at 31 December 2022, comprised one Executive and
ten non-Executive Directors and is responsible to the shareholders for the proper management of the company
“Τσιμεντοποιία Βασιλικού Δημόσια Εταιρεία Λίμιτεδ (English translation “Vassiliko Cement Works Public Company
Limited”) and its subsidiaries. The non-Executive Directors comprised two independent Directors and eight non-
independent Directors. The members of the Board (excluding the Chairman) comprised two independent non-
Executive Directors and eight non-independent Directors, all of which are non-Executive Directors. The
independent non-Executive Directors of the Board were Mr. Antonis Mikellides and Mr. Stelios S. Anastasiades.
The size and composition of the Board of Directors allow for the effective exercise of its responsibilities and reflect
the Company’s size, activity and ownership status. The Board of Directors is sufficiently diversified in terms of
age, educational and professional background reflecting a sufficiently wide range of experiences. Regarding the
recommendation of the Corporate Governance Code for gender diversity amongst the board members, the Board
of Directors in the appointments process positively considers nominations which promote gender diversity, without
adversely affecting the educational and professional background diversification of the Board of Directors.
The Board of Directors of the Company, as at the date of this report, comprises the following members:
Antonios Antoniou Executive Chairman
George Galatariotis Νon-Executive Director
Costas Galatariotis Νon-Executive Director
Stavros Galatariotis Νon-Executive Director
Costas Koutsos Νon-Executive Director
Charalambos Panayiotou Νon-Executive Director
Maurizio Mansi Montenegro Νon-Executive Director
Antonis Mikellides Independent non-Executive Director
Stelios S. Anastasiades Independent non-Executive Director
Hakan Gürdal Νon-Executive Director
Mihail Polendakov Νon-Executive Director
The Company’s shares are traded in the Alternative Market of the Cyprus Stock Exchange. Corporate governance
provisions regarding Board Balance for Companies listed in the Alternative Market provide that the majority of
the non-Executive Directors, or at least two Directors, have to be independent non-Executive Directors. The
Company complies with the above Board Balance provision, since two members of the Board are Independent
non-Executive Directors. Based on the provisions of the Corporate Governance Code, and given that the Board
ANNUAL REPORT 22 | 12
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT (continued)
of Directors is comprised of two Independent non-Executive members and nine non-Independent members
(executive and non-executive), Board Balance is not met according to Principle A.2 of the Corporate Governance
Code.
Mr. Stelios S. Anastasiades, independent non-Executive Director, was appointed on 30 May 2017 as Senior
Independent Director. The Senior Independent Director of the Company is available to shareholders if they have
concerns that have not been resolved through the normal channels of contact with the Executive Chairman, or
the General Manager or for which such contact is inappropriate. The Senior Independent Director will attend
sufficient meetings of major shareholders and financial analysts to develop a balanced understanding of the
issues and concerns of such shareholders. The Senior Independent Director can be contacted initially via the
Company Secretary at the Registered Office of the Company.
The Board has six scheduled meetings a year, setting and monitoring the Group’s strategy, reviewing trading
performance, ensuring adequate funding, examining major capital expenditure, formulating policy on key issues
and reporting to shareholders where appropriate. The Board of Directors convened six times during 2022. In
accordance with best practice, the Board has established the Audit Committee, the Remuneration Committee
and the Nominations Committee as per the requirements of the Code. The Company Secretary is responsible to
and appointed by the Board and all Directors have access to her advice and services. Directors may obtain
independent professional advice if necessary, at the Company’s expense. Formal agendas, papers and reports
are supplied to Directors in a timely manner, prior to Board meetings. Briefings are also provided at other times,
for example, through operational visits and business presentations.
EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN AND GENERAL MANAGER
The division of responsibility for the management of the Group between the Executive Chairman and the General
Manager of the Company is presented below.
The Executive Chairman of the Company, Mr. Antonios Antoniou has, among others, the following duties and
responsibilities:
Determines the Agenda of the meeting of the Board of Directors.
Chairs the Meetings of the Board of Directors and the General Meetings of the Shareholders of the
Company.
Reviews the information and documents and confirms their relevance in order to be submitted to the
Members of the Board of Directors prior to the Board Meetings.
Reviews the strategy of the Group with the General Manager of the Company.
Represents the Company in all its major dealings.
Meets with the major shareholders of the Company and conveys their suggestions to the Board of Directors.
Cooperates with the General Manager of the Company to determine the strategic targets of the Group
according to the developments of the sector within which the Group operates and secures the thorough
appraisal of the Company’s strategic or other development proposals and the presentation thereof to the
Board of Directors for final approval.
Evaluates and promotes various other proposals of the General Manager.
Represents together with the General Manager and/or selective members of the Management Team the
Company at various meetings for the promotion of the strategic targets of the Company.
Develops and maintains effective relationships with the Company’s stakeholders ensuring the continuity
and the sustainable development of the business.
ANNUAL REPORT 22 | 13
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT (continued)
Supervises the internal control system, secures the proper implementation of the Company’s targets and
updates the Board of Directors on the related progress.
Holds periodic meetings with the management of the Company to discuss various specific subjects.
The General Manager of the Company, Mr. George Savva, has, among others, the following duties and
responsibilities:
To manage the Company in line with the strategy and the commercial targets determined by the Board of
Directors and in compliance with all relevant laws, regulations, Corporate Governance codes as well as
internal policies and procedures.
To ensure the daily smooth operation of the Company in line with the policy, the targets and the budgets
approved by the Board of Directors.
To ensure timely and effective implementation of the strategic resolutions of the Board of Directors in
agreement with the Executive Chairman.
In cooperation with the Executive Chairman to manage the business development of the Company’s
activities, its subsidiaries and associates.
To inform regularly the Executive Chairman regarding all the major issues of the Company, including the
current status of the operations of the Company.
To implement procedures to ensure existence of an efficient internal control system.
To define and introduce appropriate rules, measures and procedures to govern operations at risk.
To identify the main business risks and approve the relevant action plans to mitigate them.
APPOINTMENTS TO THE BOARD
The Nominations Committee is chaired by Mr. G. Galatariotis (non-Executive Director) and is composed of
two other Directors, Messrs C. Koutsos (non-Executive Director) and M. Mansi Montenegro (non-Executive
Director). Mr. M. Mansi Montenegro was appointed on the 16
th
of March 2023 to fill the vacant position that arose
due to the retirement of Mr. A. Katsifos member of the Nominations Committee until the 19
th
of May 2022. All the
members of the Committee are non-Executive Directors. The Nominations Committee is responsible for the
selection and nomination of any new Director, for the Board’s consideration. The Committee is responsible to
carry out a selection process. Upon the appointment of a new Director, appropriate training is provided as
required. In accordance with the Articles of Association of the Company and the Corporate Governance Code, at
least three out of the eleven Directors of the Company (excluding the Executive Chairman of the Company) retire
by rotation every year (each Director retires every three years) and, if eligible, may offer themselves for re-
election. The Board has set the 75
th
year of age as the year of retirement however, reserved the right to make
exceptions to the retirement age policy.
RELATIONS WITH SHAREHOLDERS
Importance is attached to maintaining a dialogue with the Company’s institutional shareholders. The Annual
General Meeting is used as a forum for communicating with shareholders, providing briefings on the Company’s
performance during the year under review and current business activity. There will be an opportunity for
shareholders to meet with and put questions to the Directors, including the chairmen of the Audit, Nominations and
Remuneration Committees. At Annual General Meetings, separate resolutions are proposed on each substantially
separate issue and the number of proxy votes received for and against each resolution is announced. Members
with voting rights of 5% may place items on the agenda of Annual General Meetings by submitting such items,
either in hard copies or soft copies (electronic), accompanied with relevant explanations, at least 42 days before
the date of the Annual General Meeting. Notices of Annual General Meetings are sent to the shareholders at least
21 days before the meeting. The Board of Directors appointed Mr. George Savva as Investor Liaison Officer to
facilitate better communication with shareholders and investors.
ANNUAL REPORT 22 | 14
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT (continued)
FINANCIAL REPORTING
The preparation and presentation of this report and financial statements and other price sensitive public reports,
seek to ensure that reports are prepared in a way that represent a balanced and understandable assessment of
the Group’s position and prospects.
INTERNAL CONTROL
Risk assessment and review is carried out by the executive management with details of significant risks being
documented. Periodic reports relating to significant risks and associated controls are prepared from this
documentation and presented to the Board for its review. The Board has overall responsibility for the Group’s
systems of internal control and for reviewing their effectiveness on an annual basis, as well as of the procedures
which confirm the accuracy, completeness and validity of the information that is provided to the investors. The
review covers all systems of internal control, including financial and operational systems, as well as compliance
systems and systems for the management of risks, which threaten the attainment of the Company’s objectives.
On the basis of the process described above during the year the Internal Auditors prepare Internal Audit Reports
addressed to the Audit Committee which informs the Board through its Annual Internal Audit Report. According
to the Internal Auditors Reports, the systems of internal control do not present any significant weaknesses. The
Board has reviewed the key risks inherent in the Group, together with the operating, financial and compliance
controls that have been implemented to mitigate those key risks. However, any system of internal control can
provide only reasonable and not absolute assurance against material misstatement or loss. The Board has put in
place an organisation structure with clearly defined lines of accountability and delegated authority. The principles
have been designed to establish clear local operating autonomy within a framework of central leadership, stated
aims and objectives. Procedures were established for business planning, budgeting, capital expenditure approval
and treasury management. The Executive Chairman and the General Manager regularly review the operating
performance of each business and monitor progress against business plans.
The Board of Directors assures that to the best of its knowledge, there has been no violation of the Securities and
Stock Exchange of Cyprus Laws and Regulations.
AUDIT COMMITTEE AND AUDITORS
The Audit Committee comprises of the Independent non-Executive Director, Mr. St. S. Anastasiades, (Chairman),
Mr. C. Galatariotis (non-Executive Director) and Mr. A. Mikellides (Independent non-Executive Director). The
majority of the members of the Audit Committee, including the Chairman, are Independent non-Executive
Directors. The Committee met three times during 2022, as further meetings were not deemed necessary, thus
the minimum number of meetings set by the Corporate Governance Code i.e. four meetings was not met during
2022. The Committee meetings provide a forum for reporting by the Group’s external and internal auditors who
have access to the Committee for independent discussion, without the presence of Executive Directors.
The Audit Committee reviews a wide range of financial matters including the annual and half-yearly results,
statements and accompanying reports, before their submission to the Board and monitors the controls which are
in force to ensure the integrity of the financial information reported to shareholders, and also oversees the
procedures for the selection of accounting policies and accounting estimates for the Company’s financial
statements and ensures that a mechanism is in place to ensure the Company’s assets, including the prevention
and detection of fraud. The Audit Committee also advises the Board on the appointment and termination
of appointment of external auditors and on their remuneration both for audit and non-audit work, and is
responsible for keeping under continuous review the scope and results of the audit and its cost-effectiveness and
the independence and objectivity of the auditors. The External Auditors of the Company provide permitted non-
ANNUAL REPORT 22 | 15
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT (continued)
audit services to the Company. The provision by the External Auditors of non-audit services do not impair their
independence and objectivity and they comply with the principles of independence in accordance with the relevant
directive. Furthermore, the Audit Committee proposes to the Board of Directors the appointment and revocation
of appointment of the audit firm assigned with the Internal Audit functions, and ensures its independence.
The Group’s internal audit function is outsourced to PricewaterhouseCoopers Ltd, a professional Auditors Firm,
which monitors the Group’s internal financial control, the internal control systems and risk management systems
and reports to the Management and to the Audit Committee.
The Audit Committee considers the above mentioned periodic reports whereas the Management is responsible
for the implementation of the recommendations made by internal audit that carry out post-implementation
reviews. The external auditors carry out independent and objective reviews and tests of the internal financial
control processes, only to the extent that they consider necessary to form their judgement when expressing their
audit opinion on the accounts.
The Audit Committee discusses extensively with the auditors significant audit findings arising during their audit
work, which were resolved or remained unresolved, as well as the auditor’s report which refers to weaknesses in
the internal control system, in particular those concerning the procedures of financial reporting and the preparation
of financial statements.
GOING CONCERN
After making appropriate enquiries, the Directors consider that the Group has adequate resources to continue in
operational existence for the foreseeable future. For this reason, they continue to adopt the going concern basis
in preparing the accounts and state that the Company intends to operate as a going concern for the next twelve
months.
REMUNERATION COMMITTEE
The Remuneration Committee comprises of three non-Executive Directors. The members of the Remuneration
Committee are Messrs Ch. Panayiotou (non-Executive Director), St. Galatariotis (non- Executive Director) and A.
Mikellides (Independent non-Executive Director). The Committee is chaired by Mr. Ch. Panayiotou who has
knowledge and experience in remuneration policy. Even though all the members of the Remuneration Committee
are non-executive Directors, only one director out of the three members of the Remuneration Committee is
independent non-executive director according to the criteria of independency of a director as these are defined
by the provision A.2.3. of the Corporate Governance Code. The Committee will usually meet at least once a year.
The Group Executive Chairman will normally be invited to attend its meetings in order to make recommendations
regarding the remuneration of the General Manager and the Deputy General Manager. The Committee periodically
reviews the Directors’ remuneration under their capacity as non-Executive Directors and members of the Board’s
Committees, as well as the remuneration policy for Executive Directors, the General Manager and the Deputy
General Manager. Independent external legal and consultancy advice is obtained when necessary. The Group
Executive Chairman is not present when his own remuneration is discussed.
The Remuneration policy of the Directors of the Company is included in the Remuneration Report (page 17).
ANNUAL REPORT 22 | 16
CORPORATE GOVERNANCE REPORT (continued)
DIRECTORS SEEKING RE-ELECTION
All the Directors are subject to election by the shareholders at the first Annual General Meeting that follows their
appointment and thereafter retire every three years. According to the Articles of Association, one third of the ten
Company Directors (excluding the Executive Chairman of the Company) retire from the Board at each Annual
General Meeting. The Directors liable to retirement according to the above provisions are those who served as
members of the Board for the longest period since their last election.
In accordance with the Company’s Articles of Association (Article 92), at the next shareholders Annual General
Meeting Messrs Stavros Galatariotis (Non-Executive Director), Costas Koutsos (Non-Executive Director) and
Antonis Mikellides (Independent Director) shall retire from office by rotation. All above mentioned Directors, being
eligible, shall offer themselves for re-election.
LOANS AND GUARANTEES GRANTED TO DIRECTORS
No loans and/or guarantees were granted to the Directors of the Company or to Directors of any subsidiary or
associated company, either by the Company itself or by its subsidiary or associated companies, and there are
also no monies receivable from any company involved with a Director, and/or any person related to him.
COMPLIANCE WITH THE CODE OF CORPORATE GOVERNANCE OFFICER
The Board of Directors appointed Mr. George Savva, General Manager of the Company, at the position of
Compliance with the Code of Corporate Governance Officer.
ANNUAL REPORT 22 | 17
REMUNERATION REPORT
The Remuneration Report of the Company for the year 2022 has been prepared according to Appendices 1 and
2 of the Corporate Governance Code.
REMUNERATION COMMITTEE
The Remuneration Committee of the Board is responsible for ensuring that the remuneration packages awarded
to Executive Directors are appropriate to individual levels of responsibility and performance, are consistent with
the Company’s remuneration policy, and are in line with the principles of the Corporate Governance Code.
REMUNERATION POLICY
The Board’s policy is to employ high calibre people for its key positions. It requires a corresponding level of
performance from those people and seeks to reward accordingly. The Group may commission special reviews from
time to time to assess the Directors’ compensation levels. Account is taken of the salary and total remuneration
levels prevailing in comparable jobs both inside and outside the Construction and Building Materials sector,
together with the individual performance and contribution of each Executive Director.
The remuneration of the Executive Chairman and the General Manager includes variable-pay components
to ensure that the executive remuneration is linked to the Company’s performance. A maximum limit of the
variable-pay component is set. The non-variable component is deemed as sufficient remuneration, even when a
variable remuneration is not granted. The Board considers that packages of this nature are consistent with
prevailing practice and are necessary to attract, retain and reward executives of the calibre the Group requires.
In developing this policy, the Board has given full consideration to the provisions of the Corporate Governance
Code. The annual incentive plan rewards for the performance of each year and is paid in cash. The maximum
bonus payment is based on the evaluation of the performance of the Executive Chairman and the General
Manager assessed by the Remuneration Committee at the end of each year. The Remuneration Committee
evaluates the performance of the Executive Chairman and the General Manager considering the Company’s
financial performance, costs containment measures, measures towards the Group’s long-term viability, as well
as non-financial criteria relating to development and creating long term value for the Group. Bonuses granted in
2022 concern rewards for the financial performance of the Company for year 2022. The Company reserves the
right for full or partial recovery of any bonuses granted on the basis of information which subsequently proves to
be inaccurate.
In addition to the base salary and incentive plan participation, the Executive Chairman and the General Manager
enjoy the same benefits as other employees of the Company, which in the case of the General Manager include
the provident fund.
No significant changes were made to the remuneration policy of the Company for year 2022 compared to the
previous year.
The total remuneration of the sole Executive Director under his capacity as Executive for the year 2022 was
295.475.
PENSION SCHEME
All the Employees of the Company, including the General Manager, were members of the Company’s Provident
Fund during 2022, which is a defined contribution scheme. No other additional pension schemes exist for the
Executive Member of the Board.
ANNUAL REPORT 22 | 18
REMUNERATION REPORT (continued)
EMPLOYMENT CONTRACTS
Employment of Executive Directors are for indefinite periods, however, notice periods do not exceed one year as
per the requirements of the Corporate Governance Code. In case of termination by the Company of the
employment of Executive Directors, prior to their retirement, the Company has to compensate the Executive
Directors according to the provisions of the Law.
NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS
The remuneration of the Directors, both Executives and non-Executives, for services rendered to the Company
as Directors, is determined by the annual general meeting of the Company on the proposal of the Board. The
non-Executive Directors have letters of appointment for a three-year term. They do not participate in any profit
sharing, share option or other incentive scheme. The remunerations for each of the Directors for 2022 were
€20.000, and €25.000 for the Chairman and €300 per meeting for attendance in person.
EXECUTIVE AND NON-EXECUTIVE DIRECTORS’ REMUNERATIONS
The remunerations of the Directors, Executives and non-Executives, under their capacity as Directors of the
Company and as members of the Board of Directors Committees as well as under their capacity as Executive
Directors for 2022 were as follows:
Directors
Fees as
Members of the
Board and its
Committees
Fees and
emoluments
as
executives
Other
Benefits
Social
Benefits
Provident
Fund
Total
Remuneration
Executive Directors
Antonios Antoniou
26.800
216.000
9.475
-
-
322.275
Non-Executive Directors
George St. Galatariotis
23.300
-
-
-
-
23.300
Costas St. Galatariotis
22.700
-
-
-
-
22.700
Stavros G. Galatariotis
23.600
-
-
-
-
23.600
Costas Koutsos
23.300
-
-
-
-
23.300
Charalambos Panayiotou
23.600
-
-
-
-
23.600
Maurizio Mansi Montenegro
21.500
-
-
-
-
21.500
Antonis Mikellides
22.100
-
-
-
-
22.100
Antonios Katsifos
8.516
-
-
-
-
8.516
Stelios S. Anastasiades
22.400
-
-
-
-
22.400
Hakan Gürdal
21.500
-
-
-
-
21.500
Mihail Polendakov
12.684
-
-
-
-
12.684
252.000
216.000
9.475
-
-
547.475
The Independent Non-Executive Directors, Messrs A. Mikellides and St. S. Anastasiades did not receive from the
Company, during their tenure and the 12 months preceding their appointment to the Board, any other material
compensation, besides their remuneration as members of the Board of Directors of the Company.
LOANS AND GUARANTEES GRANTED TO DIRECTORS
No loans and/or guarantees were granted to the Directors of the Company or to Directors of any subsidiary
company or to their related parties by the Company and its subsidiary companies.
ANNUAL REPORT 22 | 19
DIRECTORS’ CURRICULA VITAE
ANTONIOS ANTONIOU EXECUTIVE CHAIRMAN
Mr. Antonios Antoniou was born in London. He studied at the University of London where he obtained a BSc
(Hons) degree and a postgraduate diploma.
Mr. Antoniou worked for 5 years as a Biochemist at University College London and for 3 years as a Computer
Systems Analyst at British Gas Headquarters in London. He was a founding partner of AMER World Research
Ltd and Deputy General Manager from 1983 until 1998. From 1998 until December 2006 he served as Senior
Vice President (Operations and Systems) of Nielsen Europe and was a member of the European Executive
Committee.
As from February 2008 he has been the Executive Chairman of Vassiliko Cement Works Public Company Ltd.
From August 2017 until December 2019 he undertook the additional role of the Chief Executive Officer of the
Company.
As from January 2021 he is the Chairman of the Cyprus Employers & Industrialists Federation (OEB). He is a
Member of the Board of Directors of OEB since July 2011 and Member of its Executive Committee since
December 2013. From January 2019 until December 2020 he was the Vice-Chairman of OEB.
GEORGE ST. GALATARIOTIS
Mr. George St. Galatariotis was born in Limassol in 1947. He studied Business Administration at City Polytechnic
in London.
Mr. George Galatariotis is Executive Chairman of Galatariotis Group of Companies, Executive Chairman of The
Cyprus Cement Public Company Ltd and K&G Complex Public Company Ltd, as well as a Member of the Board
of Directors of Enerco Energy Recovery Limited. He is also Member of the Board of Directors of several other
private and public companies. He is a Trustee of the Cyprus Conservation Foundation (Terra Cypria). Mr. George
Galatariotis has also served as a member of the Board of Limassol Chamber of Commerce and Industry and the
Cyprus Ports Authority. As from 2017 Mr. Galatariotis is a member of the Board of Directors of the Cyprus
Employers & Industrialists Federation.
COSTAS ST. GALATARIOTIS
Mr. Costas St. Galatariotis was born in Limassol in 1963. He graduated the 5
th
Gymnasium of Limassol and he
studied Economics, Industry and Commerce at the London School of Economics and Political Science.
Mr. Costas Galatariotis is Executive Chairman of the Galatariotis Group of Companies, member of Boards of
Directors of several private and public companies, Vice President of the Board of the Cyprus Chamber of
Commerce and Industry (LCCI) and a Member of the Bicommunal Technical Committee on Economic and
Commercial Matters.
Mr. Costas Galatariotis has served as Honorary Consul General of Japan in Cyprus from 2007 until 2012,
President of the Board of the Limassol Chamber of Commerce and Industry from 2014 until 2020 and Vice
Chairman of the Board of the Cyprus Investment Promotion Agency (CIPA) from 2018 until 2021.
ANNUAL REPORT 22 | 20
DIRECTORS’ CURRICULA VITAE (continued)
STAVROS G. GALATARIOTIS
Mr. Stavros Galatariotis was born in Limassol in 1976. In 1999 he graduated from the University of Surrey
with a BSc in Business Economics (First Class). During his studies he was awarded the CIMA award by the
Chartered Institute of Management Accountants. Stavros holds an MBA from the Cyprus International Institute of
Management.
Since 2000, Stavros Galatariotis is an Executive Director of the Galatariotis Group of Companies and a member
of the Board of Directors of several private and public companies. He is a Director of Vassiliko Cement Works
Public Company Limited since 2008.
COSTAS KOUTSOS
Mr. Costas Koutsos is the Executive Chairman of KEO Plc and Member of the Board of Directors of Hellenic
Mining Public Company Ltd. Between 1978 and 2011 he was the Managing Director of BMS Metal Pipes Industries
Group. He is a Financial Consultant, Companies Tax Consultant, Secretary and Member of the Board of Directors
of other private companies. Mr. C. Koutsos is a qualified accountant and he has worked for twelve years in a senior
position in an international audit firm. He has a perennial experience in the Cyprus Stock Exchange Market. He
is an active member of various charitable foundations. He served as Member of the Board of Directors of Cyprus
Metal Industry Association, member of the Cyprus Employers and Industrialists Federation from 1985 to 2011.
CHARALAMBOS P. PANAYIOTOU
Mr. Charalambos Panayiotou was born on 6 July 1971. He studied Management Sciences (BSc) at the London
School of Economics and Political Science (1993). He joined Coopers & Lybrand as a Chartered Accountant trainee
in the audit and tax department from 1993 to 1996. He is a member of “The Institute of Chartered Accountants in
England and Wales” as well as a Member of “The Institute of Certified Public Accountants of Cyprus since 1996.
He then joined the Cyprus Popular Bank Ltd. In 2000 he was appointed Financial Controller of the Holy Bishopric
of Paphos, Executive member of the Board of Directors of St. George Hotel (Management) Ltd as well as of SM
Tsada Golf Ltd until September 2010, upon which date he was appointed as Managing Director of the KEO PLC
Group. He is a Member of the Board of Directors of Hellenic Mining Group Companies. He served as a Member
of the Board of the Hellenic Bank Public Company Ltd from June 2005 to January 2014. During this same period
he served as Chairman of the Hellenic Bank (Investments) Ltd. As from 2017 Mr. Panayiotou is a member of the
Board of Directors of the Cyprus Employers & Industrialists Federation.
MAURIZIO MANSI MONTENEGRO
Mr. Maurizio Mansi Montenegro was born on March 10, 1962. He holds a degree in Statistical Science from Rome
University “La Sapienza” and a post-graduate degree in Strategic and International Marketing from SDA Bocconi
(Milan), after having attended the International Executive Program at “Institut Européen d'Administration des
Affaires” (INSEAD). He started his career in Hewlett Packard as Business Analyst, then as Strategic Planning
Specialist in Agusta Westland.
In 1990, he joined Italcementi Group as Marketing Analyst Coordinator and, after seven years of experience in the
Group’s Strategic Plan Direction, he has been responsible for Cement Commercial activities in Egypt. In 2007 he
was appointed as Assistant to the C.E.O. of Italcementi S.p.A. and between 2009 and the end of 2016, he was the
Managing Director of Interbulk Trading S.A. Since January 2017 he is General Director Trading of HC Trading, the
trading company of Heidelberg Cement Group. He is also member of the Board of Directors of Interbulk Trading
SA, HC Trading GmbH, HC Trading Malta Ltd and HCT Green Ltd.
ANNUAL REPORT 22 | 21
DIRECTORS’ CURRICULA VITAE (continued)
ANTONIS MIKELLIDES
Mr. Antonis Mikellides was born in London in 1978. He studied at the University of Westminster where he obtained
a BA degree in Business Computing and holds a Postgraduate degree in Shipping, Trade and Finance from City
University London as well as a diploma in Terrorism Studies, focusing mainly on Marine Piracy, from the
University of St. Andrews in Scotland.
Mr. Mikellides joined Zela Shipping Co Ltd in London in 2002 as a fleet operator, and in 2006 was in charge of
restructuring the fleet’s management company in Piraeus Greece. As from 2010 he has been a Director, Chief
Financial Officer and Vice-President of Olympia Ocean Carriers Ltd and in 2012 also became a Director of Sea
Trade Holdings. Mr. Mikellides has been elected on the Board of Directors of the Cyprus Union of Shipowners
since 2009.
STELIOS S. ANASTASIADES
Mr. Stelios S. Anastasiades is a Mechanical Engineer, aged 69. He was awarded a First Class Honours B.Sc.
(Eng) degree from the Queen Mary College and a M.Sc. degree and D.I.C from the Imperial College, University
of London.
Mr. Anastasiades is the Managing Director of KONE Elevators Cyprus Ltd, the leading company in Cyprus in the
field of lifts and escalators, with 120 employees and an annual turnover of €17,1 million.
He is the ex-President of the Nicosia Chamber of Commerce and Industry, an honorary member of the executive
committee of the Cyprus Chamber of Commerce and Industry, a member of the Cyprus Technical Chamber and
President of the Board of Directors of the Financial Ombudsman of the Republic of Cyprus. In the past he served
as Vice Chairman of Eurocypria Airlines, member of the Board of Social Insurance, member of the Board of the
Loan Commissioners and member of the board of the Cyprus Organization for Standards and Quality Control.
HAKAN GÜRDAL
Mr. Hakan Gürdal studied mechanical engineering at the Yildiz Technical University in Istanbul and holds an MBA
in International Management from the University of Istanbul.
He joined Çanakkale Çimento (today part of Heidelberg Cement’s joint venture Akçansa in Turkey) in 1992, as
investment engineer to build Istanbul port & terminal. Commissioning terminal, he became terminal manager,
and then Vice General Manager in charge of cement & concrete business lines. He held various management
positions at Akçansa, such as Strategy & Business Development Manager (19961997), Vice General Manager
Cement Domestic Sales & Exports (19972000) and Vice General Manager Ready-mixed Concrete, Aggregates
and Purchasing (20002008), before he became General Manager Akçansa (20082014). From 2014 to the end
of January 2016 he was President of the Cement Strategic Business Unit of Sabanci Holding, in charge of Cimsa
& Akcansa.
Mr. Hakan Gürdal has been appointed as member of the Managing Board (Vorstand) of Heidelberg Cement on
1 February 2016. Since 1 April 2016, he is in charge of the Africa & Eastern Mediterranean Basin Group area.
Additionally, from 1 January 2017 until 30 April 2019, he was the Board Level in charge for Group Purchasing
function within Heidelberg Cement. He is chairing Global Alternative Fuel Working Group.
As of 5 April 2019, he is additionally in charge at Board Level for HC Trading.
ANNUAL REPORT 22 | 22
DIRECTORS’ CURRICULA VITAE (continued)
MIHAIL POLENDAKOV
Mr. Mihail Polendakov was born in Sofia, Bulgaria in 1964. He graduated from the University of World Economy
with major in International Economic Relations in 1990 and was enrolled within the Senior Management
Development Program of INSEAD in 2002. He took the SUMMIT course of Duke University.
Mr. Mihail Polendakov started his career at HeidelbergCement Group AG as a Commercial Director of Zlatna
Panega Cement AD in 1997 and in 2001 became Country Manager for Zlatna Panega Cement AD, Member of
the Board and Chairman of the Supervisory Board of Granatoid AD, Chairman of the Supervisory Board of “Karieri
za pyasatzi I tchakuli” AD and Executive Director of “Ceskomoravski Cement–Sofia Branch”. In 2004 Mr.
Polendakov was appointed as Director Business Development and M&A of Central Europe East, Russia and CIS
in HeidelbergCement Group AG, Germany. In 2009 Mr. Polendakov became CEO of Black Sea Property Fund
Bulgaria EAD / (BKSA) listed on AIM.
In 2011 Mr. Mihail Polendakov took a role as General Director of HeidelbergCement Russia and had worked there
for 11 years until May 2022. In May 2022 he became General Manager of HeidelbergCement for Bulgaria, Greece
and Albania.
Consolidated statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income
for the year ended 31 December 2022
Note 2022 2021
€000 €000
Revenue 5
142.661 101.419
Cost of sales
(119.381) (73.777)
Gross profit 23.280 27.642
Other operating income 6
2.535 1.357
Distribution expenses
(5.758) (4.879)
Administrative expenses
(3.979) (4.169)
Other operating expenses
(1.499) (1.442)
Operating profit before net financing cost 7 14.579 18.509
Finance income
311 112
Finance expenses
(531) (286)
Net finance cost 9 (220) (174)
Net profit/(loss) from investing activities 10
83 (45)
Share of profit from equity-accounted investee 18
603 727
Profit before tax 15.045 19.017
Taxation 11
(2.148) (1.576)
Profit for the year 12.897 17.441
Other comprehensive income
Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss
Equity investments at fair value through other comprehensive income - net
change in fair value
19 48 14
Revaluation of property, plant and equipment
13 1.922 -
Items that are or may be reclassified to profit or loss
Deferred tax on revaluation of properties
11 (248) (389)
Other comprehensive income/(loss) for the year
1.722 (375)
Total comprehensive income for the year
14.619 17.066
Profit attributable to:
Equity holders of the parent 12.897 17.441
Non-controlling interest
- -
12.897 17.441
Total comprehensive income attributable to:
Equity holders of the parent
14.619 17.066
Non-controlling interest
- -
14.619 17.066
Basic and diluted earnings per share (cents) 12 17,9 24,2
The notes on pages 38 to 72 form an integral part of these financial statements.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 30
Company statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income
for the year ended 31 December 2022
Note 2022 2021
€000 €000
Revenue 5
142.661 101.419
Cost of sales
(119.381) (73.777)
Gross profit 23.280 27.642
Other operating income 6
2.535 1.357
Distribution expenses
(5.758) (4.879)
Administrative expenses
(3.978) (4.190)
Other operating expenses
(1.499) (1.442)
Operating profit before net financing cost 7 14.580 18.488
Finance income
311 112
Finance expenses
(531) (286)
Net finance cost 9 (220) (174)
Net profit from investing activities 10
543 525
Profit before tax 14.903 18.839
Taxation 11
(2.065) (1.484)
Profit for the year 12.838 17.355
Other comprehensive income
Items that will not be reclassified to profit or loss
Equity investments at fair value through other comprehensive income - net
change in fair value
19 48 14
Revaluation of property, plant and equipment
13 1.922 -
Items that are or may be reclassified to profit or loss
Deferred tax on revaluation of properties
11 (248) (389)
Other comprehensive income/(loss) for the year
1.722 (375)
Total comprehensive income for the year
14.560 16.980
Basic and diluted earnings per share (cents) 12 17,8 24,1
The notes on pages 38 to 72 form an integral part of these financial statements.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 31
Consolidated statement of financial position
as at 31 December 2022
Note 2022 2021
€000 €000
Assets
Property, plant and equipment
13 219.062 221.837
Intangible assets
15 12.338 12.332
Investment property
14 5.608 5.533
Right-of-use assets
33 1.466 1.583
Investment in equity-accounted investee
18 1.697 1.625
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
19 280 232
Total non-current assets
240.451 243.142
Inventories
20 46.232 42.078
Trade and other receivables
21 12.607 6.885
Cash and cash equivalents
22 2.209 1.612
Total current assets
61.048 50.575
Total assets
301.499 293.717
Equity
Share capital
23 30.932 30.932
Reserves
217.605 216.654
Total equity attributable to equity holders of the parent
248.537 247.586
Liabilities
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 24
12.249 3.801
Lease liabilities 33
1.471 1.542
Deferred taxation
25 23.274 23.910
Provisions for liabilities and charges
26 - 300
Total non-current liabilities
36.994 29.553
Bank overdrafts 22
- 7.761
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 24
3.454 959
Lease liabilities 33
115 115
Tax payable
200 875
Trade and other payables
27 12.199 6.868
Total current liabilities
15.968 16.578
Total liabilities
52.962 46.131
Total equity and liabilities
301.499 293.717
ANTONIOS ANTONIOU
COSTAS GALATARIOTIS
}
Directors
These financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors and signed on its
behalf on 30 March 2023 by:
The notes on pages 38 to 72 form an integral part of these financial statements.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 32
Company statement of financial position
as at 31 December 2022
Note 2022 2021
€000 €000
Assets
Property, plant and equipment
13 219.062 221.837
Intangible assets
15 12.338 12.332
Investment property
14 5.405 5.318
Right-of-use assets
33 1.466 1.583
Investments in subsidiaries
17 10 -
Investment in associate
18 500 500
Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
19 280 232
Total non-current assets
239.061 241.802
Inventories
20 46.232 42.078
Trade and other receivables
21 13.152 7.428
Cash and cash equivalents
22 2.199 1.612
Total current assets
61.583 51.118
Total assets
300.644 292.920
Equity
Share capital
23 30.932 30.932
Reserves
216.751 215.859
Total equity
247.683 246.791
Liabilities
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 24
12.249 3.801
Lease liabilities 33
1.471 1.542
Deferred taxation
25 23.274 23.910
Provisions for liabilities and charges
26 - 300
Total non-current liabilities
36.994 29.553
Bank overdrafts 22 - 7.761
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings 24
3.454 959
Lease liabilities 33
115 115
Income tax payable
200 875
Trade and other payables
27 12.198 6.866
Total current liabilities
15.967 16.576
Total liabilities
52.961 46.129
Total equity and liabilities
300.644 292.920
ANTONIOS ANTONIOU
COSTAS GALATARIOTIS
}
Directors
These financial statements were approved and authorised for issue by the Board of Directors and signed on its
behalf on 30 March 2023 by:
The notes on pages 38 to 72 form an integral part of these financial statements.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 33
Consolidated statement of changes in equity
for the year ended 31 December 2022
Share
capital
Share
premium
Revaluation
reserve
Fair value
reserve
Retained
earnings
Total equity
attributable
to equity
holders of
the parent
Non-
controlling
interest
Total
equity
€000 €000 €000 €000 €000 €000 €000 €000
Balance at 1 January 2021 30.932 45.388 35.503 (413) 135.655 247.065 - 247.065
Comprehensive income
Profit for the year - - - - 17.441 17.441 - 17.441
Other comprehensive income
Other comprehensive loss for the year
- - (389) 14 - (375) - (375)
Total comprehensive income for the year
- - (389) 14 17.441 17.066 - 17.066
Transactions with owners of the Company
Contributions and distributions
Dividends (note 29) - - - - (16.545) (16.545) - (16.545)
Transfer - - (954) - 954 - - -
Balance at 31 December 2021 / 1 January 2022 30.932 45.388 34.160 (399) 137.505 247.586 - 247.586
Comprehensive income
Profit for the year
- - - - 12.897 12.897 - 12.897
Other comprehensive income
Other comprehensive income for the year
- - 1.674 48 - 1.722 - 1.722
Total comprehensive income for the year
- - 1.674 48 12.897 14.619 - 14.619
Transactions with owners of the Company
Contributions and distributions
Dividends (note 29)
- - - - (13.668) (13.668) - (13.668)
Transfer
- - (1.209) - 1.209 - - -
Balance at 31 December 2022 30.932 45.388 34.625 (351) 137.943 248.537 - 248.537
The notes on pages 38 to 72 form an integral part of these financial statements.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 34
Company statement of changes in equity
for the year ended 31 December 2022
Share
capital
Share
premium
Revaluation
reserve
Fair value
reserve
Retained
earnings
Total
equity
€000 €000 €000 €000 €000 €000
Balance at 1 January 2021 30.932 45.388 35.615 (413) 134.834 246.356
Comprehensive income
Profit for the year - - - - 17.355 17.355
Other comprehensive income
Other comprehensive loss for the year
- - (389) 14 - (375)
Total comprehensive income for the year
- - (389) 14 17.355 16.980
Transactions with owners of the Company
Contributions and distributions
Dividends (note 29) - - - - (16.545) (16.545)
Transfer - - (954) - 954 -
Balance at 31 December 2021 / 1 January 2022 30.932 45.388 34.272 (399) 136.598 246.791
Comprehensive income
Profit for the year - - - -
12.838 12.838
Other comprehensive income
Other comprehensive income for the year
- - 1.674 48 - 1.722
Total comprehensive income for the year
- - 1.674 48 12.838 14.560
Transactions with owners of the Company
Contributions and distributions
Dividends (note 29)
- - - - (13.668) (13.668)
Transfer
- - (1.209) - 1.209 -
Balance at 31 December 2022 30.932 45.388 34.737 (351) 136.977 247.683
Companies, which do not distribute at least 70% of their profits after tax, as defined by the Special Defence Contribution Law of the Republic of Cyprus during the two years after the end of the year
of assessment to which the profits refer, will be deemed to have distributed this amount as dividend on 31 December of the second year. The amount of the deemed dividend distribution is reduced
by any actual dividend already distributed by 31 December of the second year for the year to which the profits refer. Based on the amount of the deemed dividend distribution, the Company pays a
special defence contribution on behalf of the shareholders at a rate of 17% when the entitled shareholders are natural tax residents of Cyprus and have their residence (domicile) in Cyprus. In
addition, effective 1 March 2019 (deemed distribution of dividends for the year 2017), the Company pays a General Health System (GHS) contribution on behalf of the shareholders at a rate of
2,65% (1,70% for the period between 1 March 2019 to 28 February 2020), when the entitled shareholders are natural tax residents of Cyprus, regardless of their domicile.
The notes on pages 38 to 72 form an integral part of these financial statements.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 35
Consolidated statement of cash flows
for the year ended 31 December 2022
Note 2022 2021
€000 €000
Cash flows from operating activities
Profit for the year
12.897 17.441
Adjustments for:
Depreciation and amortisation charges
15.230 14.258
Unrealised exchange loss
(311) (112)
Change in fair value of investment property 14
(75) 50
Dividend income 10
(8) (5)
Interest expense 9
531 332
Share of profit of equity-accounted investee 18
(603) (727)
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment 52 71
Provision for bad debts
78 -
Bad debts recovered and impairment movement
(75) (226)
Income tax expense 11
2.148 1.576
Operating profit before changes in working capital and provisions
29.864 32.658
Changes in:
Trade and other receivables
(5.648) 972
Inventories
(4.154) (16.366)
Trade and other payables
5.421 (502)
Provisions
(300) -
Cash generated from operating activities 25.183 16.762
Interest paid
(487) (289)
Tax paid
(3.707) (2.340)
Net cash inflow from operating activities 20.989 14.133
Cash flows to investing activities
Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment
27 16
Dividends received
409 575
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment 13
(10.490) (9.925)
Acquisition of intangibles 15
(11) -
Net cash used in investing activities (10.065) (9.334)
Cash flows to financing activities
Proceeds from new loans raised
16.790 -
Repayment of loans
(5.847) (8.181)
Lease payments 33
(115) (115)
Dividends paid 29
(13.668) (16.545)
Net cash used in financing activities (2.840) (24.841)
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash held
274 111
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 8.358 (19.931)
Cash and cash equivalents at 1 January
(6.149) 13.782
Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December 22 2.209 (6.149)
13, 15, 33
The notes on pages 38 to 72 form an integral part of these financial statements.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 36
Company statement of cash flows
for the year ended 31 December 2022
Note 2022 2021
€000 €000
Cash flows from operating activities
Profit for the year
12.838 17.355
Adjustments for:
Depreciation and amortisation charges
15.230 14.258
Unrealised exchange loss
(311) (112)
Change in fair value of investment property 14
(87) 50
Dividend income 10
(456) (575)
Interest expense 9
531 332
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment 52 71
Provision for bad debts
78 -
Bad debts recovered and impairment movement
(75) (226)
Income tax expense 11
2.065 1.484
Operating profit before changes in working capital and provisions
29.865 32.637
Changes in:
Trade and other receivables
(5.650) 993
Inventories
(4.154) (16.366)
Trade and other payables
5.339 (502)
Provisions
(300) -
Cash generated from operations 25.100 16.762
Interest paid (487) (289)
Tax paid (3.624) (2.340)
Net cash inflow from operating activities 20.989 14.133
Cash flows to investing activities
Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment
27 16
Dividends received
409 575
Acquisition of subsidiary company
(10) -
Acquisition of property, plant and equipment 13
(10.490) (9.925)
Acquisition of intangibles 15
(11) -
Net cash used in investing activities (10.075) (9.334)
Cash flows to financing activities
Proceeds from new loans raised
16.790 -
Repayment of loans
(5.847) (8.181)
Lease payments 33
(115) (115)
Dividends paid 29
(13.668) (16.545)
Net cash used in financing activities (2.840) (24.841)
Effect of exchange rate fluctuations on cash held
274 111
Net increase/(decrease) in cash and cash equivalents 8.348 (19.931)
Cash and cash equivalents at 1 January
(6.149) 13.782
Cash and cash equivalents at 31 December 22 2.199 (6.149)
13, 15, 33
The notes on pages 38 to 72 form an integral part of these financial statements.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 37
Notes to the financial statements
for the year ended 31 December 2022
1 Reporting entity and principal activities
Principal activities
2 Basis of preparation
Statement of compliance
Basis of measurement
Functional and presentation currency
Use of estimates and judgements
a. Income taxes
"Τσιμεντοποιία Βασιλικού Δημόσια Εταιρεία Λίμιτεδ", translated in English as "Vassiliko Cement Works Public Company Ltd" (the
'Company') was established in Cyprus in 1963. The Company is domiciled in Cyprus and is a public company in accordance with the
requirements of the Cyprus Companies Law, Cap. 113 and the Cyprus Stock Exchange Laws and Regulations. The Company's registered
office is at 1A Kyriakos Matsis Avenue, CY-1082 Nicosia, Cyprus.
The consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2022 consist of the financial statements of the Company and its
subsidiaries (together referred to as the 'Group') and the Group's interest in associates.
The Group and the Company's financial statements (the "financial statements") were authorised for issue by the Board of Directors on 30
March 2023.
The Group's principal activity is the production of clinker and cement, which are sold in the local and international markets.
The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") as adopted by the
European Union ("EU"). In addition, the financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the requirements of the Cyprus
Companies Law, Cap. 113, and the Cyprus Stock Exchange Law and Regulations.
Significant judgement is required in determining the provision for income taxes. There are transactions and calculations for which the
ultimate tax determination is uncertain during the ordinary course of business. The Group recognises liabilities for anticipated tax audit
issues based on estimates of whether additional taxes will be due. Where the final tax outcome of these matters is different from the
amounts that were initially recorded, such differences will impact the income tax and deferred tax provisions in the period in which such
determination is made.
The financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, modified to include the revaluation to fair value of land, Vassiliko
port, financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income and investment property.
The financial statements as at and for the year ended 31 December 2022 are presented in Euro (€), which is the Company's functional
currency. All amounts have been rounded to the nearest thousand, unless otherwise indicated.
The preparation of the financial statements in accordance with IFRS requires from management the exercise of judgement, to make
estimates and assumptions that influence the application of accounting principles and the related amounts of assets and liabilities, income
and expenses. The estimates and underlying assumptions are based on historical experience and various other factors that are deemed to
be reasonable based on knowledge available at that time. Actual results may deviate from such estimates.
The estimates and underlying assumptions are reviewed on a continuous basis. Revisions in accounting estimates are recognised in the
period during which the estimate is revised, if the estimate affects only that period, or in the period of the revision and future periods, if the
revision affects the present as well as future periods.
In particular, information about significant areas of estimation, uncertainty and critical judgements in applying accounting policies that have
the most significant effect on the amount recognised in the financial statements are described below:
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 38
b. Measurement of fair values
c. Impairment of goodwill
3 Significant accounting policies
New and amended IFRSs and interpretations:
The following accounting policies have been applied consistently to all years presented in these financial statements. The accounting
policies have been applied consistently by all Group entities.
The amendments to IAS 8 are issued to clarify how companies should distinguish changes in accounting policies from changes in
accounting estimates, with a primary focus on the definition of and clarifications on accounting estimates. The amendments introduce a new
definition for accounting estimates: clarifying that they are monetary amounts in the financial statements that are subject to measurement
uncertainty. The amendments also clarify the relationship between accounting policies and accounting estimates by specifying that a
company develops an accounting estimate to achieve the objective set out by an accounting policy. Developing an accounting estimate
includes both: (1) selecting a measurement technique (estimation or valuation technique), and (2) choosing the inputs to be used when
applying the chosen measurement technique. The effects of changes in such inputs or measurement techniques are changes in accounting
estimates. The definition of accounting policies remains unchanged.
As from 1 January 2022, the Group and the Company adopted all changes to IFRSs as adopted by the EU which are relevant to its
operations. This adoption did not have a material effect on the financial statements.
i. New IFRSs, Amendments to IFRSs and Interpretations adopted by the EU
A number of the Group's accounting policies and disclosures require the measurement of fair values, for both financial and non-financial
assets and liabilities. The Group has an established control framework with respect to the measurement of fair values.
This includes a valuation team that has overall responsibility for overseeing all significant fair value measurements, including Level 3 fair
values, and reports directly to the Chief Financial Officer. The valuation team regularly reviews significant unobservable inputs and
valuation adjustments. If third party information, such as broker quotes or pricing services, is used to measure fair values, then the
valuation team assesses the evidence obtained from the third parties to support the conclusion that such valuations meet the requirements
of IFRS, including the level in the fair value hierarchy in which such valuations should be classified. Significant valuation issues are reported
to the Group's Audit Committee.
When measuring the fair value of an asset or a liability, the Group uses observable market data as far as possible. Fair values are
categorised into different levels in a fair value hierarchy based on the inputs used in the valuation techniques as follows:
- Level 1 - quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.
- Level 2 - inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly (i.e. as prices)
or indirectly (i.e. derived from prices).
- Level 3 - inputs for the asset or liability that are not based on observable market data (unobservable inputs).
If the inputs used to measure the fair value of an asset or a liability fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy, then the fair value
measurement is categorised in its entirety in the same level of the fair value hierarchy as the lowest level input that is significant to the
entire measurement.
The Group recognises transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy at the end of the reporting period during which the change has
occurred.
Determining whether goodwill is impaired requires an estimation of the value-in-use of the cash-generating units of the Company on which
the goodwill has been allocated. The value-in-use calculation requires the Company to estimate the future cash flows expected to arise
from the cash-generating units using a suitable discount rate in order to calculate the present value.
The following New IFRSs, Amendments to IFRSs and Interpretations have been issued by the International Accounting Standards Board
(IASB) but are not yet effective for annual periods beginning on 1 January 2022. Those which may be relevant to the Group and the
Company are set out below. The Group and the Company do not plan to adopt these New IFRSs, Amendments to IFRSs and
Interpretations early.
• IAS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors (Amendments): Definition of Accounting Estimates
(effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023)
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 39
The amendments to IAS 1 and the update to IFRS Practice Statement 2 aim to help companies on the application of materiality to the
disclosure of accounting policies. The key amendments to IAS 1 include: (1) requiring companies to disclose their material accounting
policies rather than their significant accounting policies, (2) clarifying that accounting policies related to immaterial transactions, other
events or conditions are themselves immaterial and as such need not be disclosed, and (3) clarifying that not all accounting policies that
relate to material transactions, other events or conditions are themselves material to a company’s financial statements. The amendments to
IFRS Practice Statement 2 are to include guidance and two additional examples on the application of materiality to accounting policy
disclosures. The amendments are consistent with the refined definition of material i.e. “Accounting policy information is material if, when
considered together with other information included in an entity’s financial statements, it can reasonably be expected to influence decisions
that the primary users of general-purpose financial statements make on the basis of those financial statements”.
IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (Amendments): Classification of Liabilities as Current or Non-current and Non-
current Liabilities with covenants (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2024)
IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements (Amendments) and IFRS Practice Statement 2 Making Materiality Judgements:
Disclosure of Accounting Policies (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023)
ii. IFRSs, Amendments to IFRSs and Interpretations not adopted by the EU
IAS 12 Income Taxes (Amendments): Deferred Tax related to Assets and Liabilities arising from a Single Transaction (effective
for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2023)
Targeted amendments to IAS 12 clarify how companies should account for deferred tax on certain transactions (e.g. leases and
decommissioning provisions). The amendments narrow the scope of the initial recognition exemption (IRE) so that it does not apply to
transactions that give rise to equal and offsetting temporary differences. As a result, companies will need to recognise a deferred tax asset
and a deferred tax liability for temporary differences arising on initial recognition of a lease and a decommissioning provision.
In 2020, the IASB has amended IAS 1 to promote consistency in application and clarify the requirements on determining if a liability is
current or non-current. Under existing IAS 1 requirements, companies classify a liability as current when they do not have an unconditional
right to defer settlement of the liability for at least twelve months after the end of the reporting period. As part of its amendments, the IASB
has removed the requirement for a right to be unconditional and instead, now requires that a right to defer settlement must have substance
and exist at the end of the reporting period. Similar to existing requirements in IAS 1, the classification of liabilities is unaffected by
management’s intentions or expectations about whether the company will exercise its right to defer settlement or will choose to settle early.
On 31 October 2022 the IASB issued further amendments to IAS 1 i.e. Non-current liabilities with covenants. The new amendments aim to
improve the information an entity provides when its right to defer settlement of a liability is subject to compliance with covenants within
twelve months after the reporting period. The amendments clarify that only covenants with which a company must comply on or before the
reporting date affect the classification of a liability as current or non-current. Covenants with which the company must comply after the
reporting date (i.e. future covenants) do not affect a liability’s classification at that date. However, when non-current liabilities are subject to
future covenants, companies will now need to disclose information to help users understand the risk that those liabilities could become
repayable within 12 months after the reporting date.
The amendments also clarify how a company classifies a liability that can be settled in its own shares (e.g. convertible debt). When a
liability includes a counterparty conversion option that involves a transfer of the company’s own equity instruments, the conversion option is
recognised as either equity or a liability separately from the host liability under IAS 32 Financial Instruments: Presentation. The IASB has
now clarified that when a company classifies the host liability as current or non-current, it can ignore only those conversion options that are
recognised as equity. Companies may have interpreted the existing IAS 1 requirements differently when classifying convertible debt.
Therefore, convertible debt may become current.
IFRS 16 Leases (Amendments): Lease Liability in Sale and Leaseback (effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1
January 2024)
The IASB has issued amendments to IFRS 16 Leases, which add to requirements explaining how a company accounts for a sale and
leaseback after the date of the transaction. A sale and leaseback is a transaction for which a company sells an asset and leases that same
asset back for a period of time from the new owner. IFRS 16 includes requirements on how to account for a sale and leaseback at the date
the transaction takes place. However, IFRS 16 had not specified how to measure the transaction when reporting after that date. The
amendments issued in September 2022 impact how a seller-lessee accounts for variable lease payments that arise in a sale and leaseback
transaction. The amendments introduce a new accounting model for variable payments and will require seller-lessees to reassess and
potentially restate sale and leaseback transactions entered into since 2019.
The amendments confirm the following: (1) On initial recognition, the seller-lessee includes variable lease payments when it measures a
lease liability arising from a sale and leaseback transaction. (2) After initial recognition, the seller-lessee applies the general requirements
for subsequent accounting of the lease liability such that it recognises no gain or loss relating to the right of use it retains.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 40
Basis of consolidation
i. Business combinations
ii. Acquisitions of non-controlling interests
iii. Subsidiaries
iv. Loss of control
On the loss of control, the Group de-recognises the assets and liabilities of the subsidiary, any non-controlling interests and the other
components of equity related to the subsidiary. Any surplus or deficit arising on the loss of control is recognised in profit or loss. If the
Group retains any interest in the previous subsidiary, then such interest is measured at fair value at the date that control is lost.
The Board of Directors expects that the adoption of these standards or interpretations in future periods will not have a material effect on the
financial statements.
• the net recognised amount (generally fair value) of the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed.
When the excess is negative, a bargain purchase gain is recognised immediately in profit or loss.
Business combinations are accounted for using the acquisition method as at the acquisition date, which is the date on which control is
transferred to the Group. Control is the power to govern the financial and operating policies of an entity so as to obtain benefits from its
activities. In assessing control, the Group takes into consideration potential voting rights that currently are exercisable.
Transactions costs, other than those associated with the issue of debt or equity securities, that the Group incurs in connection with a
business combination are expensed as incurred.
Acquisitions of non-controlling interests are accounted for as transactions with owners in their capacity as owners and therefore no goodwill
is recognised as a result. Adjustments to non-controlling interests arising from transactions that do not involve the loss of control are based
on a proportionate amount of the net assets of the subsidiary.
Subsidiaries are entities controlled by the Group. Control exists where the Group is exposed, or has rights, to variable returns from its
involvement with the investee and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the investee. The financial statements of
subsidiaries are included in the consolidated financial statements from the date that control commences until the date that control ceases.
Where necessary, adjustments are made to the financial statements of subsidiaries to bring them in line with the accounting policies of the
Group.
• the fair value of the consideration transferred; plus
• the recognised amount of any non-controlling interests in the acquiree; plus
• if the business combination is achieved in stages, the fair value of the pre-existing equity interest in the acquiree; less
The consideration transferred does not include amounts related to the settlement of pre-existing relationships. Such amounts generally are
recognised in profit or loss.
The Group measures goodwill at the acquisition date as:
IFRS 10 Consolidated Financial Statements (Amendments) and IAS 28 Investments in Associates and Joint Ventures
(Amendments): Sale or Contribution of Assets between an Investor and its Associate or Joint Venture (effective date postponed
indefinitely; early adoption continues to be permitted)
The amendments address an acknowledged inconsistency between the requirements in IFRS 10 and those in IAS 28, in dealing with the
sale or contribution of assets between an investor and its associate or joint venture. The main consequence of the amendments is that a full
gain or loss is recognised when a transaction involves a business (as defined in IFRS 3). A partial gain or loss is recognised when a
transaction involves assets that do not constitute a business. In December 2015, the IASB postponed the effective date of this amendment
indefinitely pending the outcome of its research project on the equity method of accounting.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 41
v. Investments in associates (equity-accounted investees)
vi. Transactions eliminated on consolidation
Property, plant and equipment
i. Recognition and measurement
ii. Reclassification to investment property
iii. Subsequent expenditure
Associates are those entities in which the Group has significant influence but no control or joint control, over the financial and operating
policies. Significant influence is the power to participate in the financial and operating policy decisions of the investee. Investments in
associates are initially recognised at cost, which includes transactions costs, and are accounted for using the equity method.
The results and assets and liabilities of associates are incorporated in these consolidated financial statements using the equity method of
accounting, except when the investment is classified as held for sale, in which case it is accounted for in accordance with IFRS 5 Non-
current Assets Held for Sale and Discontinued Operations. Under the equity method, an investment in an associate is initially recognised in
the consolidated statement of financial position at cost and adjusted thereafter to recognise the Group's share of the profit or loss and other
comprehensive income of the associate. When the Group's share of losses of an associate exceeds the Group's interest in that associate
(which includes any long-term interests that, in substance, form part of the Group's net investment in the associate), the Group discontinues
recognising its share of further losses. Additional losses are recognised only to the extent that the Group has incurred legal or constructive
obligations or made payments on behalf of the associate.
Any excess of the cost of acquisition over the Group's share of the net fair value of the identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities
of an associate recognised at the date of acquisition is recognised as goodwill, which is included within the carrying amount of the
investment. Any excess of the Group's share of the net fair value of the identifiable assets, liabilities and contingent liabilities over the cost
of acquisition, after reassessment, is recognised immediately in profit or loss.
The guidance in IAS 28 is applied to determine whether it is necessary to recognise any impairment loss with respect to the Group's
investment in an associate. When necessary, the entire carrying amount of the investment (including goodwill) is tested for impairment in
accordance with IAS 36 Impairment of Assets as a single asset by comparing its recoverable amount (higher of value-in-use and fair value
less costs to sell) with its carrying amount. Any impairment loss recognised forms part of the carrying amount of the investment. Any
reversal of that impairment loss is recognised in accordance with IAS 36 to the extent that the recoverable amount of the investment
subsequently increases.
When a group entity transacts with its associate, profits and losses resulting from the transactions with the associate are recognised in the
Group's consolidated financial statements only to the extent of interests in the associate that are not related to the Group.
Intra-group balances and transactions, and any unrealised income and expenses arising from intra-group transactions, are eliminated in
preparing the consolidated financial statements. Unrealised gains arising from transactions with equity-accounted investees are eliminated
against the investment to the extent of the Group’s interest in the investee. Unrealised losses are eliminated in the same way as unrealised
gains, but only to the extent that there is no evidence of impairment.
Land and Vassiliko port are carried at fair value. Revaluations are carried out with sufficient regularity such that the carrying amount does
not differ materially from that which would be determined using fair value at the reporting date. All other property, plant and equipment are
stated at historical cost less accumulated depreciation and any accumulated impairment losses.
Subsequent expenditure is capitalised only when it is probable that the future economic benefits associated with the expenditure will flow to
the Group. Ongoing repairs and maintenance is expensed as incurred.
When the use of a property changes from owner-occupied to investment property, the property is remeasured to fair value and reclassified
as investment property. Any gain arising on remeasurement is recognised in profit or loss to the extent that it reverses a previous
impairment loss on the specific property, with any remaining gain recognised in other comprehensive income and presented in the
revaluation reserve in equity. Any loss is recognised immediately in profit or loss.
Properties under construction are carried at cost, less any recognised impairment loss. Cost includes professional fees and borrowing costs
capitalised in accordance with the Group's accounting policy. Depreciation of these assets, on the same basis as other property assets,
commences when the assets are ready for their intended use.
Borrowing cost is capitalized as part of the cost of a qualifying asset when it is likely that it will lead to future financial benefits for the
business and the cost can be measured reliably. Other borrowing costs are recognized as an expense in the period in which they are
incurred.
Increases in the carrying amount arising on revaluation of land are credited to other comprehensive income. Decreases that offset previous
increases of the same asset are charged against that reserve; all other decreases are charged to profit or loss. Each year the difference
between depreciation based on the revalued carrying amount of the asset (the depreciation charged to profit or loss) and depreciation
based on the asset's original cost is transferred from fair value reserves to retained earnings.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 42
iv. Depreciation
Buildings 20 – 50 years
Vassiliko Port 50 years (term of lease)
Machinery, plant and equipment 4 – 25 years
Photovoltaic Park 20 years
Intangible assets
i. Goodwill
ii. Other intangible assets
iii. Subsequent expenditure
iv. Amortisation
Computer software
3 years
Depreciation is recognised in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of each component. Land is not
depreciated.
Leased assets are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term and their useful lives, unless it is reasonably certain that the Group will
obtain ownership by the end of the lease term.
Items of the property, plant and equipment are depreciated from the date that they are installed and are ready for use, or in respect of
internally constructed assets, from the date that the assets are completed and are ready for use.
The estimated useful lives are as follows:
Goodwill is measured at cost less any accumulated impairment losses. Goodwill is allocated to cash-generating units and is tested annually
for impairment (note 15). Goodwill on acquisition of associates is included in investments in associates.
Other intangible assets that are acquired by the Group and have finite useful lives are measured at cost less accumulated amortisation and
any accumulated impairment losses.
Expenditure on internally generated goodwill and brands is recognised in profit or loss as incurred.
All business combinations are accounted for by applying the acquisition method. Goodwill represents amounts arising on acquisition of
subsidiaries and associates. Goodwill represents the difference between the cost of the acquisition and the fair value of the net identifiable
assets of the acquired undertaking at the date of acquisition.
When the excess is negative, a bargain purchase gain is recognised immediately in profit or loss.
Subsequent expenditure on intangible assets is capitalised only when it increases the future economic benefits embodied in the specific
asset to which it relates. All other expenditure is expensed as incurred.
Amortisation is charged to profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of intangible assets unless such lives are
indefinite. Goodwill and intangible assets with an indefinite useful life are systematically tested for impairment at each reporting date. Other
intangible assets are amortised from the date they are available for use. The estimated useful lives are as follows:
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 43
Investments
Investment properties
Inventories
Cash and cash equivalents
Impairment of non-financial assets
Investment properties are properties which are held either to earn rental income, or for capital appreciation, or for both, but not for sale in
the ordinary course of business, or used for the production or supply of goods or services, or for administrative purposes. Investment
properties are carried at fair value less cost to sell, representing open market value determined annually by external valuers. An external,
independent valuer, having an appropriate recognised professional qualification and recent experience in the location and category of
property being valued, values the portfolio at regular intervals. The fair values are based on market values, being the estimated amount for
which a property could be exchanged on the date of valuation between a willing buyer and a willing seller in an arm’s length transaction
after proper marketing wherein the parties had each acted knowledgeably, prudently and without compulsion.
Any gain or loss arising from a change in fair value is recognised in profit or loss. Rental income from investment property is accounted for
as described in accounting policy for "Revenue".
When an item of property, plant and equipment is transferred to investment property following a change in its use, any differences arising at
the date of transfer between the carrying amount of the item immediately prior to transfer and its fair value is recognised directly in equity, if
it is a gain. Upon disposal of the item the gain is transferred to retained earnings. Any loss arising in this manner is recognised immediately
in profit or loss.
Emission rights owned by the Group are reported under inventories. Emission rights granted free of charge are initially measured at a
nominal value of zero. Emission rights acquired for consideration are initially accounted for at cost and are subsequently valued at the
lower of cost and net realizable value.
If an investment property becomes owner-occupied, it is reclassified as property, plant and equipment and its fair value at the date of
reclassification becomes its cost for accounting purposes of subsequent recording. When the Group begins to redevelop an existing
investment property for continued future use as investment property, the property remains an investment property, which is measured
based on fair value model, and is not reclassified as property, plant and equipment during the redevelopment.
Inventories are measured at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Net realisable value is the estimated selling price in the ordinary
course of business, less the estimated costs of completion and selling expenses.
The cost of raw materials, fuels, spare parts and other consumables is based on the average cost and includes expenditure incurred in
acquiring the inventories and bringing them to their existing location and condition. In the case of manufactured inventories and work in
progress, cost includes an appropriate share of production overheads based on normal operating capacity.
For goodwill, assets that have an indefinite useful life and intangible assets that are not yet available for use, the recoverable amount is
estimated at each year end date.
An impairment loss is recognised if the carrying amount of an asset or cash-generating unit exceeds its recoverable amount. Impairment
losses are recognised in profit or loss.
Impairment losses recognised in respect of cash-generating units are allocated first to reduce the carrying amount of any goodwill allocated
to cash-generating units (group of units) and then, to reduce the carrying amount of the other assets in the unit (group of units) on a pro
rata basis.
Cash and cash equivalents comprise cash in hand and at bank and call deposits. Bank overdrafts that are repayable on demand and form
an integral part of the Group’s cash management are included as a component of cash and cash equivalents for the purpose only of the
statement of cash flows.
An impairment loss in respect of goodwill is not reversed. For other assets, an impairment loss is reversed only to the extent that the asset's
carrying amount does not exceed the carrying amount that would have been determined, net of depreciation or amortisation, if no
impairment loss had been recognised.
The carrying amounts of the Group’s assets (other than investment property, inventories and deferred tax assets) that have an indefinite
useful life are not subject to amortisation and are reviewed at each reporting date to determine whether there is any indication of
impairment. If any such indication exists, the asset’s recoverable amount is estimated.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 44
Employee benefits
i. Defined contribution plans
ii. Termination benefits
Provisions
Leases
- the Group has the right to obtain substantially all of the economic benefits from use of the asset throughout the period of use; and
- the Group has the right to direct the use of the asset. The Group has this right when it has the decision-making rights that are most
relevant to changing how and for what purpose the asset is used. In rare cases where the decision about how and for what purpose the
asset is used is predetermined, the Group has the right to direct the use of the asset if either:
-the Group has the right to operate the asset; or
-the Group designed the asset in a way that predetermines how and for what purpose it will be used.
Termination benefits are recognised as an expense when the Group is demonstrably committed, without realistic possibility of withdrawal, to
a formal detailed plan to either terminate employment before the normal retirement date, or to provide termination benefits as a result of an
offer made to encourage voluntary redundancy. Termination benefits for voluntary redundancies are recognised as an expense if the
Group has made an offer of voluntary redundancy, it is probable that the offer will be accepted, and the number of acceptances can be
estimated reliably. If benefits are payable more than 12 months after the reporting date, then they are discounted to their present value.
- the contract involves the use of an identified asset - this may be specified explicitly or implicitly, and should be physically distinct or
represent substantially all of the capacity of a physically distinct asset. If the supplier has a substantive substitution right, then the asset is
not identified;
Provisions are recognised when the Group has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of a past events, it is probable that an
outflow of resources will be required to settle the obligation and a reliable estimate of the amount can be made. If the effect is material,
provisions are determined by discounting the expected future cash flows at a pre-tax rate that reflects current market assessments of the
time value of money and, where appropriate, the risks specific to the liability.
At inception of a contract, the Group assesses whether a contract is, or contains, a lease. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract
conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. To assess whether a contract
conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, the Group assesses whether:
At inception or on reassessment of a contract that contains a lease component, the Group allocates the consideration in the contract to
each lease component on the basis of their relative stand-alone prices. However, for the leases of land and buildings in which it is a lessee,
the Group has elected not to separate non-lease components and account for the lease and non-lease components as a single lease
component.
A defined contribution plan is a post-employment benefit plan under which an entity pays fixed contributions into a separate entity and has
no legal or constructive obligation to pay further amounts. Obligations for contributions to defined contribution plans are recognised as an
employee benefit expense in profit or loss in the periods during which related services are rendered by employees. Prepaid contributions
are recognised as an asset to the extent that a cash refund or a reduction in future payments is available. Contributions to a defined
contribution plan that are due more than 12 months after the end of the period in which the employees render the service are discounted to
their present value.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 45
The Group as lessee
Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets
Financial instruments
i. Recognition and initial measurement
The Group determines its incremental borrowing rate by obtaining interest rates from various external financing sources and makes certain
adjustments to reflect the terms of the lease and type of the asset leased.
Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprises of fixed payments.
The lease liability is measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. It is remeasured when there is a change in future lease
payments arising from a change in an index or rate, if there is a change in the Group's estimate of the amount expected to be payable
under a residual value guarantee, or if the Group changes its assessment of whether it will exercise a purchase, extension or termination
option.
When the lease liability is remeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset, or
is recorded in profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been reduced to zero.
The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted
using the interest rate implicit in the lease or, if that rate cannot be readily determined, the Group's incremental borrowing rate. Generally,
the Group uses its incremental borrowing rate as the discount rate.
The Group recognises a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset is initially
measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the
commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to
restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received.
The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the earlier of the end of
the useful life of the right-of-use asset or the end of the lease term. The estimated useful lives of the right-of-use assets are determined on
the same basis as those of property and equipment. In addition, the right-of-use asset is periodically reduced by impairment losses, if any,
and adjusted for certain remeasurements of the lease liability.
The Group presents its right-of-use assets that do not meet the definition of investment property separately in the statement of financial
position.
The lease liabilities are presented separately in the statement of financial position.
The Group has elected not to recognise right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases and leases of low value assets (i.e. IT
equipment, office equipment etc). The Group recognises the lease payments associated with these leases as an expense on a straight-line
basis over the lease term.
Financial assets and financial liabilities are recognised when the Group becomes a party to the contractual provisions of the instrument at
the transaction date.
A financial asset (unless it is a trade receivable without a significant financing component) or financial liability is initially measured at fair
value plus, for an item not at fair value through profit or loss (FVTPL), transaction costs that are directly attributable to its acquisition or
issue. A trade receivable without a significant financing component is initially measured at the transaction price.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 46
ii. Classification and subsequent measurement
Financial assets
Financial assets - Subsequent measurement and gains and losses:
Financial assets at amortised cost
Equity investments at FVOCI
Financial liabilities – Classification, subsequent measurement and gains and losses
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings
Trade and other payables
Financial assets are not reclassified subsequent to their initial recognition unless the Group changes its business model for managing
financial assets, in which case all affected financial assets are reclassified on the first day of the first reporting period following the change
in the business model.
- it is held within a business model whose objective is to hold assets to collect contractual cash flows; and
- its contractual terms give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the principal
amount outstanding.
On initial recognition of an equity investment that is not held for trading, the Group may irrevocably elect to present subsequent changes in
the investment's fair value in OCI. This election is made on an investment by investment basis.
Interest-bearing loans and borrowings are recognised initially at fair value plus any direct attributable transaction costs. Subsequently they
are measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method.
A financial asset is measured at amortised cost if it meets both of the following conditions and is not designated as at FVTPL:
On initial recognition, a financial asset is classified as measured at: amortised cost; Fair Value through Other Comprehensive income
(FVOCI) debt investment; Fair Value through Other Comprehensive income (FVOCI) equity investment; or FVTPL.
The financial liabilities of the Group are measured as follows:
All financial assets not classified as measured at amortised cost or FVOCI as described above are measured at FVTPL. This includes all
derivative financial assets. On initial recognition, the Group may irrevocably designate a financial asset that otherwise meets the
requirements to be measured at amortised cost or at FVOCI as at FVTPL if doing so eliminates or significantly reduces an accounting
mismatch that would otherwise arise.
These assets are subsequently measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. The amortised cost is reduced by
impairment losses. Interest income, foreign exchange gains and losses and impairment are recognised in profit or loss. Any gain or loss on
derecognition is recognised in profit or loss.
These assets are subsequently measured at fair value. Dividends are recognised as income in profit or loss unless the dividend clearly
represents a recovery of part of the cost of the investment. Other net gains and losses are recognised in OCI and are never reclassified to
profit or loss.
Financial liabilities are classified as measured at amortised cost or FVTPL. A financial liability is classified as at FVTPL if it is classified as
held for trading, it is a derivative or it is designated as such on initial recognition. Financial liabilities at FVTPL are measured at fair value
and net gains and losses, including any interest expense, are recognised in profit or loss. Other financial liabilities are subsequently
measured at amortised cost using the effective interest method. Interest expense and foreign exchange gains and losses are recognised in
profit or loss. Any gain or loss on derecognition is also recognised in profit or loss.
Trade and other payables are stated at their nominal values.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 47
iii. Impairment
Financial instruments
Measurement of ECLs
Credit impaired financial assets
Presentation of allowance for ECL in the statement of financial position
ECLs are a probability weighted estimate of credit losses. Credit losses are measured as the present value of all cash shortfalls (i.e. the
difference between the cash flows due to the entity in accordance with the contract and the cash flows that the Group expects to receive).
ECLs are discounted at the effective interest rate of the financial asset.
The maximum period considered when estimating ECLs is the maximum contractual period over which the Group is exposed to credit risk.
Lifetime ECLs are the ECLs that result from all possible default events over the expected life of a financial instrument.
12-month ECLs are the portion of ECLs that result from default events that are possible within the 12 months after the reporting date (or a
shorter period if the expected life of the instrument is less than 12 months).
The Group recognises loss allowances for Expected Credit Loss ("ECL") on financial assets measured at amortised cost.
The Group measures loss allowances at an amount equal to lifetime ECLs, except for bank balances for which credit risk (i.e. the risk of
default occurring over the expected life of the financial instrument) has not increased significantly since initial recognition, which are
measured at 12-month ECLs.
When determining whether the credit risk of a financial asset has increased significantly since initial recognition and when estimating ECLs,
the Group considers reasonable and supportable information that is relevant and available without undue cost or effort. This includes both
quantitative and qualitative information and analysis, based on the Group's historical experience and informed credit assessment and
including forward looking information.
At each reporting date, the Group assesses whether financial assets carried at amortised cost and debt securities at FVOCI are credit
impaired. A financial asset is 'credit impaired' when one or more events that have a detrimental impact on the estimated future cash flows of
the financial asset have occurred.
- significant financial difficulty of the borrower or issuer;
- a breach of contract such as a default or being more than 90 days past due;
- he restructuring of a loan or advance by the Group on terms that the Group would not consider otherwise;
- it is probable that the borrower will enter bankruptcy or other financial reorganisation; or
- the disappearance of an active market for a security because of financial difficulties.
The Group assumes that the credit risk on a financial asset has increased significantly if it is more than 180 days past due.
The Group considers a financial asset to be in default when:
- the borrower is unlikely to pay its credit obligations to the Group in full, without recourse by the Group to actions such as realising
security (if any is held); or
Loss allowances for financial assets measured at amortised cost are deducted from the gross carrying amount of the assets. For debt
investments the loss allowance is measured at FVTPL and recognised through profit and loss in other comprehensive income.
Evidence that a financial asset is credit impaired includes the following observable data:
- the financial asset is more than 365 days past due.
The Group considers a debt security to have low credit risk when its credit risk rating is equivalent to the globally understood definition of
'investment grade'.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 48
Write off
Derecognition of financial assets and liabilities
i. Financial assets
ii. Financial liabilities
Offsetting financial instruments
Revenue recognition
Contracts identification
- the Group retains the right to receive cash flows from the asset, but has assumed an obligation to pay them in full without material
delay to a third party under a 'pass through' arrangement; or
- the Group transfers the rights to receive the contractual cash flows from the asset and either (a) has transferred substantially all the
risks and rewards of the asset, or (b) has neither transferred nor retained substantially all the risks and rewards of the asset, but has
transferred control of the asset.
When an asset recognised in its statement of financial position, is transferred, but the Group retains either all or substantially all of the risks
and rewards of the transferred assets, the transferred assets are not derecognised.
The Group recognises revenue when the parties have approved the contract (in writing, orally or in accordance with other customary
business practices) and are committed to perform their respective obligations, the Group can identify each party's rights and the payment
terms for the goods or services to be transferred, the contract has commercial substance (i.e. the risk, timing or amount of the Group's
future cash flows is expected to change as a result of the contract), it is probable that the Group will collect the consideration to which it will
be entitled in exchange for the goods or services that will be transferred to the customer and when specific criteria have been met for each
of the Group's contracts with customers.
Financial assets and financial liabilities are offset and the net amount reported in the consolidated statement of financial position when, and
only when, the Group has a currently enforceable legal right to offset the recognised amounts and it intends to settle them on a net basis, or
to realise the asset and settle the liability simultaneously. This is not generally the case with master netting agreements, and the related
assets and liabilities are presented gross in the consolidated statement of financial position.
Any interest in such derecognised financial assets that is created or retained by the Group is recognised as a separate asset or liability.
The Group derecognises a financial liability when its contractual obligations are discharged or cancelled, or expire.
The Group also derecognises a financial liability when it is replaced by another from the same lender on substantially different terms, or
when the terms of the liability are substantially modified, and the cash flows of the modified liability are substantially different, in which case
a new financial liability based on the modified terms is recognised at fair value.
On derecognition of a financial liability, the difference between the carrying amount extinguished and the consideration paid (including any
non cash assets transferred or liabilities assumed) is recognised in profit or loss.
The gross carrying amount of a financial asset is written off when the Group has no reasonable expectations of recovering a financial asset
in its entirety or a portion thereof. For individual customers, the Group has a policy of writing off the gross carrying amount when the
financial asset is 180 days past due based on historical experience of recoveries of similar assets. For corporate customers, the Group
individually makes an assessment with respect to the timing and amount of write off based on whether there is a reasonable expectation of
recovery. The Group expects no significant recovery from the amount written off. However, financial assets that are written off could still be
subject to enforcement activities in order to comply with the Group's procedures for recovery of amounts due.
The Group derecognises a financial asset (or, where applicable a part of a financial asset or part of a Group of similar financial assets)
when:
- the contractual rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired;
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 49
The transaction price
Identification of the performance obligations
Performance obligations and revenue recognition policies
i. Goods sold
ii. Sale of Electricity
iii. Port income
Revenue from port is generated from services provided to vessels and cargo owners and is recognised in other operating income.
iv. Rental income
v. Finance income
vi. Dividend income
Expenses
i. Financing costs
ii. Foreign currency transactions
Functional currencies
Transactions and balances
Revenue from the sale of goods in the course of ordinary activities is measured at the fair value of the consideration received or receivable,
net of returns, trade discounts and volume rebates.
Rental income from investment property is recognised in profit or loss on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease.
Finance income includes interest income which is recognised on a time proportion basis using the effective interest method.
Items included in the financial statements of each Group entity are measured using the currency of the primary economic environment in
which each entity operates ('the functional currency').
Foreign currency transactions are translated into respective functional currencies of the Group companies using the exchange rates
prevailing at the dates of the transactions. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from
the translation at the reporting date exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognised in
profit or loss. Non-monetary assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value in a foreign currency are translated into the functional
currency at the exchange rate when the fair value is determined.
Revenue from the sale of electricity is generated by the Photovoltaic Park and recognised on a monthly basis based on meter readings.
The electricity produced over time is sold to electricity supply companies at mutually agreed prices indexed on renewable energy sources
purchase price as published by Electricity Authority Cyprus. Invoices are settled within 60 days.
Revenue from the sale of goods is recognised in profit or loss at the point in time when the Company satisfies its performance obligation by
transferring control over the promised goods to the buyer and the buyer has accepted the goods, i.e upon the signing of the waybill for any
domestic sales or signing of the bill of lading for any exports. No revenue is recognised if there are significant uncertainties regarding
recovery of the consideration due, associated costs or the possible return of goods. Invoices are usually settled by customers at the end of
the next month for domestic sales and within 10 days for any exports.
Dividend income is recognised in profit or loss on the date on which the Group’s right to receive payment is established, which in the case
of quoted securities is usually the ex-dividend date.
The Group assesses whether contracts that involve the provision of a range of goods and/or services contain one or more performance
obligations (that is, distinct promises to provide a service) and allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation identified on
the basis of its stand alone selling prices. A good or service that is promised to a customer is distinct if the customer can benefit from the
good or service, either on its own or together with other resources that are readily available to the customer (that is the good or service is
capable of being distinct) and the Group's promise to transfer the good or service to the customer is separately identifiable from other
promises in the contract (that is, the good or service is distinct within the context of the contract).
Finance costs comprise interest expense on borrowings and bank overdrafts, foreign exchange losses, and bank charges. Interest expense
and other costs on borrowings to finance construction or production of qualifying assets are capitalised, during the period of time that is
required to complete and prepare the asset for its intended use. All other finance costs, excluding bank charges, are recognised to profit or
loss using the effective interest method. Bank charges are recognised in profit or loss in the period which incurred.
Revenue represents the amount of consideration to which the Group expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring the promised goods
or services to the customer, excluding amounts collected on behalf of third parties (for example, value added taxes).
The Group does not have any material contracts where the period between the transfer of the promised goods or services to the customer
and payment by the customer exceeds one year. As a consequence, the Group elects to use the practical expedient and does not adjust
any of the transaction prices for the time value of money.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 50
Tax
i. Current tax
ii. Deferred tax
Share capital and share premium
Dividends
Related party transactions
Events after the reporting period
Comparatives
4 Operating segments
Geographic information
Non Current Assets
Revenue
Revenue analysis: 2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Domestic market 88.051 76.465 88.051 76.465
Israel
54.610 24.954 54.610 24.954
142.661 101.419 142.661 101.419
Important customers
Income tax expense comprises current and deferred tax. It is recognised in profit or loss except to the extent that it relates to a business
combination, or items recognised directly in equity or in other comprehensive income.
Current tax is the expected tax payable or receivable on the taxable income or loss for the year, using the tax rates and laws that have been
enacted, or substantially enacted, by the reporting date. Current tax includes any adjustments to tax payable in respect of previous periods.
Following an assessment to identify operating segments, the Company has identified as main segment that of cement operation. Other
activities that give rise to income and expenses are only incidental to the main operation of the Company or the value of either their assets
or income are below the quantitative thresholds of IFRS 8 to form separate reportable operating segments individually or in their aggregate
value.
Ordinary share capital is classified as equity. The difference between the fair value of the consideration received by the Company and the
nominal value of the share capital being issued is taken to the share premium account.
Dividend distribution to the Company's shareholders is recognised in the Company's financial statements in the year in which they are
approved by the Company's shareholders.
The geographic information analyzes the Group's revenues based on the domestic market and other countries. When presenting
geographic information, segmental revenue was based on the geographic location of customers.
A party is considered affiliated if it has the ability to control the other party or to exert significant influence over the other party's financial and
operational decisions. Related party transactions are considered to be transfers of assets or liabilities between related parties, regardless of
whether there is a charge.
Assets and liabilities are adjusted for events that occurred after the reporting period up to the date of approval of the financial statements by
the Board of Directors, when these events provide additional information for the evaluation of existing events at the reporting date or
indicate that the going concern status is not appropriate.
Deferred tax is recognised on differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the financial statements and the
corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable profit, and is accounted for using the statement of financial position liability
method. Deferred tax liabilities are generally recognised for all taxable temporary differences and deferred tax assets are recognised to the
extent that it is probable that taxable profits will be available against which deductible temporary differences can be utilised. Such assets
and liabilities are not recognised if the temporary difference arises from goodwill or from the initial recognition (other than in a business
combination) of other assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable profit nor the accounting profit.
When necessary, comparative figures have been adjusted to conform to changes in presentation in the current year.
Group
Company
Group's revenue from one customer, represent €31,7 million of the Group's total revenue for the year 2022 and €14,7 million of 2021 .
The Group's property, plant and equipment is located in Cyprus.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 51
5 Revenue
Revenue analysis: 2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Cement products 140.370 99.516 140.370 99.516
Sale of electricity
2.193 1.803 2.193 1.803
Other
98 100 98 100
142.661 101.419 142.661 101.419
6 Other operating income
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Income from Vassiliko Port 1.467 856 1.467 856
(52) (71) (52) (71)
Other
1.120 572 1.120 572
2.535 1.357 2.535 1.357
7 Operating profit before financing costs
2022 2021 2022 2021
This is stated after charging: €000 €000 €000 €000
Staff costs (note 8) 12.447 12.111 12.447 12.111
Directors' remuneration as directors
252 253 252 253
Directors' remuneration as executives
298 364 298 364
Depreciation of property, plant and equipment and right of use assets
15.225 14.227 15.225 14.227
Amortisation of intangible assets
5 31 5 31
Independent auditors' remuneration for the statutory audit
67 63 67 62
Independent auditors’ remuneration for tax advice
8 7 8 7
Independent auditors’ remuneration for other non-audit services
1 1 1 1
8 Staff costs
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Wages and salaries 10.379 10.167 10.379 10.167
Social insurance contributions
779 761 779 761
Provident and medical fund contributions (note 32)
902 805 902 805
Other contributions
387 378 387 378
12.447 12.111 12.447 12.111
Average number of employees
231 230 231 230
Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment
Group
Group
Company
Company
The Company's contributions for the year 2022 amounts to €603 thousand (2021 : €511 thousand).
Group
Company
Group
Company
The Provident Fund in which the Company participates as a Financing Company, operates independently and submits its own financial
statements. Staff members are entitled to payment of certain benefits when they retire or terminate their services early.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 52
9 Net finance cost
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Net foreign exchange differences
311 112 311 112
Finance income
311 112 311 112
Interest expense
(531) (286) (531) (286)
Finance expense
(531) (286) (531) (286)
Net finance cost (220) (174) (220) (174)
10 Net profit/(loss) from investing activities
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Dividend income 8 5 456 575
Change in fair value of investment property
75 (50) 87 (50)
83 (45) 543 525
11 Taxation
Recognised in profit or loss
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Analysis of charge in the year
Income tax on profits of the year 2.965 3.190 2.965 3.190
Special contribution to the defence fund
- 12 - 12
Share of tax from associate
83 92 - -
Deferred tax (note 25) (884) (1.661) (884) (1.661)
2.164 1.633 2.081 1.541
Adjustment for prior periods
(16) (57) (16) (57)
2.148 1.576 2.065 1.484
Recognised in other comprehensive income
Deferred tax on revaluation of property (note 25) 248 389 248 389
The Group is subject to income tax at 12,5%.
2022 2021 2022 2021
Reconciliation of tax based on taxable income
and tax based on accounting profits
€000 €000 €000 €000
Accounting profit before tax 15.045 19.017 14.903 18.839
Tax calculated at the applicable tax rates
1.881 2.377 1.863 2.355
Tax effect of expenses not deductible for tax purposes
2.129 1.721 2.147 1.743
Tax effect of allowances and income not subject to tax
(1.045) (965) (1.045) (965)
Special contribution to the defence fund
- 12 - 12
Prior year tax
(16) - (16) -
Deferred tax
(884) (1.661) (884) (1.661)
Share of tax from associates
83 92 - -
Tax charge for the year 2.148 1.576 2.065 1.484
Company
Group
Company
Group
Company
Interest income is earned on bank deposits held in current and short-term notice accounts. The interest rate on the above deposits is
variable.
Interest expense relates to loan interest charges, interest charges on overdraft accounts and interest on lease liabilities.
Group
Group
Company
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 53
12 Earnings per share
13 Property, plant and equipment
Group
Land and
Buildings
Vassiliko
port
Plant and
equipment
Photovoltaic
Park
Total
€000 €000 €000 €000 €000
Cost or valuation
Balance at 1 January 2021 93.943 24.364 271.334 6.571 396.212
Acquisitions 7.400 74 2.451 - 9.925
Disposals (76) - (217) - (293)
Balance at 31 December 2021 101.267 24.438 273.568 6.571 405.844
Balance at 1 January 2022
101.267 24.438 273.568 6.571 405.844
Acquisitions 5.754 107 4.629 - 10.490
Revaluation of assets 1.922 - - - 1.922
Disposals (79) - (488) - (567)
Balance at 31 December 2022 108.864 24.545 277.709 6.571 417.689
Depreciation
Balance at 1 January 2021 32.752 11.919 125.133 301 170.105
Charge for the year on historical cost 1.757 958 11.065 330 14.110
Disposals - - (208) - (208)
Balance at 31 December 2021 34.509 12.877 135.990 631 184.007
Balance at 1 January 2022
34.509 12.877 135.990 631 184.007
Charge for the year on historical cost 2.760 964 11.054 330 15.108
Disposals - - (488) - (488)
Balance at 31 December 2022 37.269 13.841 146.556 961 198.627
Carrying amounts
At 1 January 2021 61.191 12.445 146.201 6.270 226.107
At 31 December 2021 66.758 11.561 137.578 5.940 221.837
At 1 January 2022
66.758 11.561 137.578 5.940 221.837
At 31 December 2022 71.595 10.704 131.153 5.610 219.062
The calculation of earnings per share in the Company's statement of profit or loss and other comprehensive income was based on the profit
for the year of €12.838 thousand (2021: €17.355 thousand).
The calculation of basic and fully diluted earnings per share was based on the profit attributable to ordinary shareholders of €12.897
thousand (2021: €17.441 thousand) and the weighted average number of ordinary shares outstanding during the year of 71.935.947 (2021:
71.935.947). There are no dilutive potential ordinary shares in issue.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 54
Company
Land and
buildings
Vassiliko
port
Plant and
equipment
Photovoltaic
Park
Total
€000 €000 €000 €000 €000
Cost or valuation
Balance at 1 January 2021 93.943 24.364 271.334 6.571 396.212
Acquisitions 7.400 74 2.451 - 9.925
Disposals (76) - (217) - (293)
Balance at 31 December 2021 101.267 24.438 273.568 6.571 405.844
Balance at 1 January 2022
101.267 24.438 273.568 6.571 405.844
Acquisitions
5.754 107 4.629 - 10.490
Revaluation of assets
1.922 - - 1.922
Disposals
(79) - (488) - (567)
Balance at 31 December 2022
108.864 24.545 277.709 6.571 417.689
Depreciation
Balance at 1 January 2021 32.752 11.919 125.133 301 170.105
Charge for the year on historical cost 1.757 958 11.065 330 14.110
Disposals - - (208) - (208)
Balance at 31 December 2021 34.509 12.877 135.990 631 184.007
Balance at 1 January 2022
34.509 12.877 135.990 631 184.007
Charge for the year on historical cost
2.760 964 11.054 330 15.108
Disposals
- - (488) - (488)
Balance at 31 December 2022
37.269 13.841 146.556 961 198.627
Carrying amounts
At 1 January 2021 61.191 12.445 146.201 6.270 226.107
At 31 December 2021 66.758 11.561 137.578 5.940 221.837
At 1 January 2022
66.758 11.561 137.578 5.940 221.837
At 31 December 2022
71.595 10.704 131.153 5.610 219.062
Fair value hierarchy
Property, plant and equipment under construction
Land
Valuation technique
Significant Unobservable Inputs
Property location
Property in Choirokoitia
€4 to €5
Property in Kalavasos
€4 to €110
Property in Mari
€4 to €200
Property in Tochni
€4 to €100
Property in Asgata
€4 to €5
Property in Psematismenos
€4 to €5
Property in Armenochori
€5 to €6
Plant and equipment under construction as at 31 December 2022 was €4
.430 thousand (2021: €599 thousand).
As at 31 December 2022
, the fair value of the land included in land and buildings category was €33.354 thousand (2021: €31.220
thousand).
A revaluation exercise for land was performed in November 2022 by independent professional valuers.
The following table shows the significant unobservable inputs used in measuring the fair value of land.
Significant unobservable
Inputs
Selling price per m²
For land, the comparable sales approach was used that reflects observed prices for recent market transactions for similar properties per m
2
and incorporates adjustments for specific factors.
Sales comparison approach of land takes into consideration the particular characteristics of the subject property such as size, location and
planning/legal status as well as available information from relevant market transactions and the overall market condition as at the valuation
date.
The land's net book value, if the cost method was used, would have been €6
.471 thousand (2021: €6.216 thousand).
The fair value measurement for the land has been categorised as a Level 3.
Inter-relationship between key
unobservable inputs and fair
value measurement
The estimated fair value would
increase/(decrease) if selling price
per m² was higher/(lower).
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 55
Port
Security
14 Investment property
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Balance at 1 January 5.533 5.583 5.318 5.368
Change in fair value 75 (50) 87 (50)
Balance at 31 December
5.608 5.533 5.405 5.318
Fair value hierarchy
Valuation technique
Significant Unobservable Inputs
Property location
Property in Choirokoitia
€4 to €19 (2021: €6 to €19)
Property in Kalavasos
€18 to €51 (2021: €27 to €47)
Property in Mari
€3 to €57 (2021: €6 to €10)
Property in Strovolos
€312 to €717 (2021: €312 to €571)
Property in Drousia
€13 to €37 (2021: €13 to €30)
Property in Pissouri
€9 to €15 (2021: €9 to €15)
Property in Ipsonas
€52 to €68 (2021: €47 to €68)
Property in Pegeia
€5 to €19 (2021: €5 to €18)
Property in Gourri
€1 to €3 (2021: €1 to €3)
Property in Chrisopolitissa
€671 to €980 (2021: €483 to €980)
Property in Ayioi Omologites
€848 to €1
.056 (2021: €848 to €1.056)
The following table shows the significant unobservable inputs used in measuring the fair value of investment property.
Investment property comprises a number of commercial properties that are leased to third parties or land held for capital appreciation.
The fair value measurement for all the investment properties has been categorised as a Level 3 fair value based on the inputs to the
valuation techniques used.
The estimated fair value would
increase/(decrease) if selling price
per m² was higher/(lower).
Inter-relationship between key
unobservable inputs and fair
value measurement
Sales comparison approach of investment properties takes into consideration the location and size of the plot, the building coefficient and
legal framework as well as the market data at the valuation date.
Bank loans of €15.703 thousand (2021: €4.760 thousand) and an overdraft account of €8 million, are secured by fixed charges of €14.250
thousand (2021:€4.750 thousand).
The carrying amount of investment property is the fair value of the property as determined by an independent valuer having an appropriate
recognised professional qualification and recent experience in the location and category of the property being valued. Fair values were
determined having regard to recent market transactions for similar properties in the same location as the Group’s investment property. The
last revaluation of investment property was performed in November 2022.
Significant unobservable
inputs
Selling price per m²:
For investment property the comparable sales approach was used.
Group
Company
The Cyprus Ports Authority, which according to the Cyprus Ports Authority Law is the owner of the port, leased it to the Company for a
period of 50 years as from 1 January 1984.
The fair value of the port is based on the income approach through the discounted cash flow methodology. Cash flow calculations are
assessed annually by the Management. Those calculations use post-tax cash flow projections based on past experience, actual operating
results and budgeted forecasts for the port activity until the end of the lease term in 2033.
The fair value measurement for the port has been categorised as a Level 3. As at 31 December 2022 and 31 December 2021, the carrying
amount of the port approximates its fair value. A revaluation exercise was performed by management as at 31 December 2022, with no
changes in the value of the port.
The key unobservable input used in estimating the fair value is the post tax discount rate of
13,31%. A 1% increase in the post-tax discount
rate would decrease the value of the port by €376 thousands, while a 1% decrease in the post-tax discount rate would increase the value
by €204 thousands. This analysis assumes that all other variables remain constant.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 56
15 Intangible assets
Group Goodwill Software
Total
€000 €000 €000
Cost
Balance at 1 January 2021 12.328 248 12.576
Balance at 31 December 2021 12.328 248 12.576
Balance at 1 January 2022
12.328 248 12.576
Acquisitions - 11 11
Balance at 31 December 2022 12.328 259 12.587
Amortisation and impairment charge
Balance at 1 January 2021 - 213 213
Amortisation for the year - 31 31
Balance at 31 December 2021 - 244 244
Balance at 1 January 2022
- 244 244
Amortisation for the year - 5 5
Balance at 31 December 2022 - 249 249
Carrying amounts
At 1 January 2021 12.328 35 12.363
At 31 December 2021 12.328 4 12.332
At 1 January 2022
12.328 4 12.332
At 31 December 2022 12.328 10 12.338
Company Goodwill Software
Total
€000 €000 €000
Cost
Balance at 1 January 2021 12.328 248 12.576
Balance at 31 December 2021 12.328 248 12.576
Balance at 1 January 2022
12.328 248 12.576
Acquisitions - 11 11
Balance at 31 December 2022 12.328 259 12.587
Amortisation and impairment charge
Balance at 1 January 2021 - 213 213
Amortisation for the year - 31 31
Balance at 31 December 2021 - 244 244
Balance at 1 January 2022
- 244 244
Amortisation for the year - 5 5
Balance at 31 December 2022 - 249 249
Carrying amounts
At 1 January 2021 12.328 35 12.363
At 31 December 2021 12.328 4 12.332
At 1 January 2022
12.328 4 12.332
At 31 December 2022 12.328 10 12.338
Impairment testing for cash-generating units
The recoverable amount of goodwill (currently attaching to one cash-generating unit) is based on value-in-use calculations. Those
calculations use post-tax cash flow projections based on past experience, actual operating results and budgeted forecasts for 2023
extrapolated forward for the 10-year period 2023-2032. A post-tax discount rate of 13,31% (2021: 9,86%) has been used in discounting the
projected cash flows.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 57
16 Group entities
Name and country of incorporation Principal Activity 2022 2021
Venus Beton Limited - Cyprus Dormant company 100,0% 100,0%
Vassiliko Cement Clean Energy Supply Ltd - Cyprus Dormant company
100,0% 100,0%
17 Investments in subsidiaries
2022 2021
€000 €000
Balance at 1 January - -
Additions
10 -
Balance at 31 December
10 -
Vassiliko Cement Clean Energy Supply Ltd
10 -
10 -
18 Investment in associate (equity-accounted investee)
Name and country of incorporation Principal Activity 2022 2021
Enerco - Energy Recovery Limited - Cyprus Waste Management
50% 50%
2022 2021
€000 €000
Balance at 1 January
1.625 1.560
Share of profit from equity-accounted investee
603 727
Share of tax from equity-accounted investee
(83) (92)
Dividends from equity-accounted investee
(448) (570)
Balance at 31 December
1.697 1.625
2022 2021
€000 €000
Balance at 1 January
500 500
Balance at 31 December
500 500
Enerco - Energy Recovery Limited
2022 2021
€000 €000
Non-current assets
4.480 4.722
Current assets
1.387 1.178
Non-current liabilities
1.182 1.436
Current liabilities
939 863
Net assets (100%)
3.746 3.601
Group’s share of net assets
1.873 1.800
Revenue
5.851 5.574
Profit from continued operations
1.041 1.269
Other comprehensive income
- -
Total comprehensive income
1.041 1.269
Ownership
Ownership
The following table summarises the financial information of the associate as included in its own financial statements adjusted for fair value
adjustments at acquisitions and differences in accounting policies. The table also reconciles the summarised financial information to the
carrying amount of the Group’s interest in the equity-accounted investee for 2022 and 2021.
There are no significant restrictions regarding the Company's ability to access or use the Group's assets and liabilities.
In the Company's statement of financial position, the investment in associate is stated at cost:
On 17 September 2021, the Company incorporated Vassiliko Cement Clean Energy Supply Ltd whose principal operation will be the
purchase, sale and supply of electricity from renewable energy sources.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 58
19 Financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
At 1 January 232 218 232 218
Change in fair value
48 14 48 14
At 31 December
280 232 280 232
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Non-current investments
Equity securities at fair value through other
comprehensive income
280 232 280 232
280 232 280 232
Equity securities designated as at fair value
Name
31 December
2022
31 December
2021
€000 €000 €000
KEO Plc 9 187 176
Hellenic Bank Public Company Ltd - 93 55
20 Inventories
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Raw materials and work in progress 3.971 3.646 3.971 3.646
Finished goods
6.696 11.769 6.696 11.769
Fuel stocks
12.592 3.364 12.592 3.364
Spare parts and consumables
18.340 15.867 18.340 15.867
CO
2
Emission Rights
4.633 7.432 4.633 7.432
46.232 42.078 46.232 42.078
Fair value for the financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income was determined by reference to published price
quotations in an active market (classified as Level 1 in the fair value hierarchy).
Dividend income recognised
during 2022
Company
Group
Valuation
Valuation
Group
Company
The Company designated the investments shown below as equity securities at fair value through other comprehensive income (FVOCI),
because these equity securities represent investments that the Company intends to hold for the long term for strategic purposes.
The details of financial assets at fair value through other comprehensive income are as follows:
In 2022 inventories of €119.381 thousand (2021: €73.777 thousand) were recognised as an expense during the year and were included in
cost of sales.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 59
21 Trade and other receivables
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Trade and other receivables 10.031 6.858 10.031 6.858
Amount owed by subsidiary companies (note 28)
- - 561 559
Amount owed by associate companies (note 28)
397 259 397 259
Other receivables and prepayments
2.976 562 2.976 562
13.404 7.679 13.965 8.238
Less provision for impairment
(797) (794) (813) (810)
12.607 6.885 13.152 7.428
Impairment movement
At 1 January 794 1.119 810 1.135
Movement during the year
3 (260) 3 (260)
Accrued discounts
- (65) - (65)
At 31 December
797 794 813 810
22 Cash and cash equivalents
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Cash in hand 139 36 139 36
Cash at bank
2.070 1.576 2.060 1.576
Cash and cash equivalents in the statement of financial position
2.209 1.612 2.199 1.612
Bank overdrafts
- (7.761) - (7.761)
Cash and cash equivalents in the statement of cash flows
2.209 (6.149) 2.199 (6.149)
23 Capital and reserves
Share capital 2022 2021
No. of shares No. of shares
Authorised:
Ordinary shares of €0,43 each
72.000.000 72.000.000
2022 2021 2022 2021
No. of shares No. of shares €000 €000
Allotted, called up and fully paid:
Ordinary shares of €0,43 each
71.935.947 71.935.947 30.932 30.932
Authorized and issued share capital
Shares of the Company
Right to issue shares
The Group's historical experience in collection of accounts receivable falls within the recorded allowances. Due to these factors,
management believes that no additional credit risk beyond amounts provided for collections losses is inherent in the Company's trade
receivables.
Group
Company
All shares issued are ordinary shares, have the same rights and there is no restriction on the distribution of dividends.
No shares of the Company are held by the Company, its subsidiaries or affiliates.
No share warrants have been issued and no rights have been granted for the issuance of Company shares nor is there any
agreement/commitment for the issuance and sale of Company shares.
Group
Company
Impairment losses are included in other operating expenses.
Information about the Group's exposure to credit and market risks for trade and other receivables is included in note 34.
The Group reviews its trade and other receivables for evidence of their recoverability. Such evidence includes the customer's payment
record and the customer's overall financial position. If indications of irrecoverability exist, the recoverable amount is estimated and a
respective provision for bad and doubtful debts is made. The amount of the provision is charged through the profit or loss. The review of
credit risk is continuous and the methodology and assumptions used for estimating the provision are reviewed regularly and adjusted
accordingly.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 60
Reserves
Revaluation reserve
Fair value reserve
24 Interest-bearing loans and borrowings
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Non-current portion of secured bank loans 12.249 3.801 12.249 3.801
Current portion of secured bank loans
3.454 959 3.454 959
Analysis of maturity of debt:
Within one year or on demand
3.454 959 3.454 959
Between one and two years
3.483 985 3.483 985
Between two and five years
7.141 2.816 7.141 2.816
After five years
1.625 - 1.625 -
15.703 4.760 15.703 4.760
Weighted average effective interest rate
The bank loans are secured as follows:
Group
Company
The
weighted average rate of interest payable on the loans as at 31 December 2022 was 2,41% (2021: 2,7%).
Revaluation reserve comprises the cumulative net change in the fair value of land and Vassiliko port. The revaluation reserve is not
distributable. When revalued item is sold, the portion of the revaluation reserve that relates to that asset, and that is effectively realised, is
transferred directly to retained earnings.
The fair value reserve comprises the cumulative net change in the fair value of equity securities designated at fair value through other
comprehensive income.
- By mortgage against immovable property of the Company for €1.000 thousand (2021: €1.000 thousand).
- Fixed charge on the Company's financed plant and machinery for €14.250 thousand (2021: €3.750 thousand).
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 61
Interest-
bearing loans
and
borrowings
Lease
liabilities
Total liabilities
that derive from
financing
activities
€000 €000 €000
Αt 1 January 2021 12.941 1.726 14.667
Cash flow transactions:
Capital repayment
(8.181) (115) (8.296)
Interest charge
195 - 195
Repayment of interest
(195) - (195)
Non cash flow transactions:
Interest charge
- 46 46
Αt 31 December 2021
4.760 1.657 6.417
Interest-
bearing loans
and
borrowings
Lease
liabilities
Total liabilities
that derive from
financing
activities
€000 €000 €000
At 1 January 2022 4.760 1.657 6.417
Cash flow transactions:
Additions
16.790 - 16.790
Capital repayment
(5.847) (115) (5.962)
Interest charge
379 - 379
Repayment of interest
(379) - (379)
Non cash flow transactions:
Interest charge
- 44 44
At 31 December 2022
15.703 1.586 17.289
25 Deferred taxation
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Accelerated capital allowances 14.243 15.108 14.243 15.108
Revaluation of properties
9.031 8.802 9.031 8.802
23.274 23.910 23.274 23.910
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
At 1 January 23.910 25.182 23.910 25.182
Deferred tax charge in statement of comprehensive
income (note 11)
(884) (1.661) (884) (1.661)
Transfer to revaluation reserve
248 389 248 389
At 31 December 23.274 23.910 23.274 23.910
26 Provisions for liabilities and charges
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Provisions for litigation and claims
- 300 - 300
- 300 - 300
Group
Company
Company
Non-current
Non-current
Group
Reconciliation of liabilities that derive from financing activities:
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 62
27 Trade and other payables
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Current
Trade payables
10.688 5.431 10.688 5.429
Amounts owed to related companies (note 28)
52 63 51 63
Other payables
1.111 1.023 1.111 1.023
Payable dividends
348 351 348 351
12.199 6.868 12.198 6.866
28 Related parties
i. Transactions with related parties
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Hellenic Mining Group - - 152 138
KEO Plc
- - 24 19
The Cyprus Cement Public Company Ltd
- - 120 120
Enerco - Energy Recovery Limited
2.227 1.870 1.945 1.838
Heidelberg Materials
- - 38 41
HM Trading Global GMBH
8.596 - - -
10.823 1.870 2.279 2.156
ii. Τransactions with key management personnel
iii. Balances with related parties
2022 2021
€000 €000
Amounts due to related parties
Hellenic Mining Group 28 11
C.C.C. Secretarial Limited 12 12
KEO Plc 10 9
Heidelberg Materials 2 31
52 63
There are no collaterals or corporate guarantees issued for the related parties.
Sales
Purchases
Group
Key management personnel remuneration, including total employer contributions for 2022, was €968 thousand (2021: €1.063 thousand). In
addition to salaries, the Group also contributes to the Provident Fund which is a defined contributions plan and to National Health System
(note 32). Contributions to Provident Fund for key management personel in 2022, were €46 thousand (2021 €58 thousand) and to National
Health System €21 thousand in 2022 (2021 €20 thousand).
The transactions between the Group and the related parties, including the above agreements were as follows:
The balances between the Group and the related parties were as follows:
The Company has entered into agreements with the following related parties:
- With Hellenic Mining Public Company Limited (common shareholder with the Group) for the provision of office facilities and other related
services and the provision of technical services on local raw materials and quarrying activities at an annual fee of €54.000. The duration of
the agreement is for a two-year period, commencing on 1 July 2021 and ending on 30 June 2023.
- With C.C.C. Secretarial Limited (common shareholder with the Group) for the provision of civil engineering consultation services at an
annual fee of €120.000 renewed for another twelve months until 31 August 2023.
Group
Company
There were no other transactions or contracts between the Group and members of the Board of Directors, as well as with key management
personnel or related persons, during both the current and previous year.
The above balances relate to trading activities.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 63
iv. Balances with equity-accounted investee
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Enerco - Energy Recovery Limited (note 21)
397 259 397 259
The above balance relates to trading activities and does not bear any interest.
There are no collaterals or corporate guarantees from or to the equity-accounted investee.
v. Balances with Group entities
2022 2021
€000 €000
Balances due from Group entities
Venus Beton Limited 559 559
Vassiliko Cement Clean Energy Supply Ltd 2 -
561 559
Less impairment
(378) (378)
183 181
There are no guarantees or corporate guarantees from or to the Group entities.
29 Dividends
2022 2021
€000 €000
Interim dividend of 2022 at €0.06 (2021: Year 2021 at €0.08) per share 4.316 5.755
Final dividend of 2020 at €0,13 (2021: Year 2019 at €0.15) per share
9.352 10.790
13.668 16.545
30 Directors' interest in the share capital of the Company
Directly
Directly &
Indirectly
Directly
Directly &
Indirectly
Antonios Antoniou
0,111% 0,174% 0,111% 0,174%
Costas Koutsos 0,007% 0,014%
0,007% 0,014%
Stavros G. Galatariotis 0,013% 0,013%
0,013% 0,013%
0,131% 0,201% 0,131% 0,201%
Group
Company
Dividends are subject to defence fund contribution at the rate of 17%, when the beneficiary is a physical person resident of Cyprus.
At 31 December 2022, the Company had no material agreements in which Directors of the Company, or their related parties, had a direct or
indirect interest.
25 March, 2023
31 December 2022
Company
At 31 December 2021, the Company has fully written off the amount of €23 thousand, due from the former subsidiary company C.C.C.
Aggregates Limited.
The impairment amount of €378 thousand relates to the amount due from Venus Beton Limited.
The balances between the Company and the Group entities were as follows:
At 31 December 2022, and five days prior to the date of the approval of the financial statements, the percentage of shareholdings in the
share capital of the Company held, directly and indirectly, by the Members of the Board of Directors, their spouses, or/and relatives by
blood up to first degree and companies in which they control directly and indirectly at least 20% of the voting rights were as follows:
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 64
31 Shareholders holding more than 5% of the issued share capital of the Company
Directly
Directly &
Indirectly
Directly
Directly &
Indirectly
Holy Archbishopric of Cyprus
1
19,52% 26,01% 19,52% 26,01%
Heidelbergcement AG
2
- 25,98% - 25,98%
The Cyprus Cement Public Company Ltd 25,30% 25,30% 25,30% 25,30%
Anastasios G. Leventis Foundation 5,34% 5,34% 5,34% 5,34%
50,16% 82,63% 50,16% 82,63%
32 Employee contribution schemes
33 Leases
Leases as lessee
i. Right-of-use of assets
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Balance at 1 January
1.583 1.700 1.583 1.700
Depreciation charge for the year
(117) (117) (117) (117)
Balance at 31 December
1.466 1.583 1.466 1.583
31 December 2022
Note 2: The indirect shareholding of Heidelbergcement AG derives from the direct shareholding of 9,71% of Compagnie Financiere et de
Participations S.a.s and 16,27% of Italmed Cement Company Ltd in the issued share capital of the Company.
The Group contributes to the Vassiliko Cement Works Ltd Employees’ Provident Fund, which is a defined contribution scheme and to the
National Healthcare System. According to the Provident Fund, the employees are entitled to payment of certain benefits upon retirement,
prior termination of service or sickness. The contributions of the Group and the Company to the above for the year were €902 thousand
(2021: €805 thousand).
At 31 December 2022 ,the net book value of the land lease was €1
.406 thousand (2021: €1.518 thousand) and the net
book value of the
port facilities was €60 thousand (2021: €65 thousand).
25 March, 2023
The Group leases the port facilities for a period of 50 years ending in 2033. The lease provides for rental increases to reflect market rentals
with no contingent rentals.
During 2020, the Group also leased a piece of land close to the factory to be used for storage of materials used in the production process.
Information about leases for which the Group is a lessee is presented below.
Group
Company
At 31 December 2022 and five days prior to the date of approval of the financial statements, the following shareholders were holding,
directly and indirectly, more than 5% of the nominal value of the issued share capital of the Company:
Note 1: The indirect shareholding of The Holy Archbishopric of Cyprus derives from the direct shareholding of 6,49% of KEO Plc in the
issued share capital of the Company.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 65
ii. Lease Liabilities
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Non-current portion of lease liabilities 1.471 1.542 1.471 1.542
Current portion of lease liabilities
115 115 115 115
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Interest on lease liabilities
44 46 44 46
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Total cash outflow for leases
115 115 115 115
34 Financial instruments and risk management
- Market risk
- Interest rate risk
- Currency risk
- Credit risk
- Liquidity risk
- Industry risk
- Operational risk
- Environmental risk
- Compliance risk
- Litigation risk
- Reputation risk
Market risk
Interest rate risk
The Group is exposed to the following risks from its use of financial instruments:
This note presents information about the Group’s exposure to each of the above risks, the Group’s objectives, policies and processes for
measuring and managing risk, and the Group’s management of capital. Further quantitative disclosures are included throughout these
financial statements.
Market risk is the risk that changes in market prices such as foreign exchange rates, interest rates and equity prices will affect the Group's
income or the value of its holdings of financial instruments. The objective of market risk management is to manage and control market risk
exposures within acceptable parameters while optimising the return.
Interest rate risk results from changes in market interest rates. The Group's management monitors the interest rate fluctuations on a
continuous basis and acts accordingly. The interest rate and repayment terms of the loans are disclosed in note 24.
Company
Group
The Group also has exposure to the following other risks:
The main monetary financial assets of the Group and the Company are cash and cash equivalents, and the investments in securities and
trade receivables. The main monetary financial liabilities are bank overdrafts, loans and trade payables.
Group
Company
Company
Group
The Group Audit Committee oversees how management monitors compliance with the Group's risk management procedures and reviews
the adequacy of the risk management framework in relation to the risks faced by the Group.
The Board of Directors has overall responsibility for the establishment and oversight of the Group’s risk management framework.
iv. Amounts recognised in statement of cash flows
iii. Amounts recognised in statement of profit or loss
The Group’s risk management policies are established to identify and analyse the risks faced by the Group, to set appropriate risk limits
and controls, and to monitor risks and adherence to limits. Risk management policies and systems are reviewed regularly to reflect changes
in market conditions and the Group’s activities. The Group, through its training and management standards and procedures, aims to
develop a disciplined and constructive control environment in which all employees understand their roles and obligations.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 66
Sensitivity analysis
Currency risk
Exposure to currency risk was as follows:
Group
US$000 US$000
31 December 2022 31 December 2021
Trade receivables
2 48
Trade payables
(69) (33)
Net exposure
(67) 15
Company
US$000 US$000
31 December 2022 31 December 2021
Trade receivables
2 48
Trade payables
(69) (33)
Net exposure
(67) 15
The following significant exchange rates were applied during the year:
2022 2021 2022 2021
US$ 1 0,939 0,855 0,939 0,855
Sensitivity analysis
Credit risk
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Trade and other receivables
10.031 6.858 10.031 6.858
Amount receivable from related parties
397 259 397 259
Other receivables
2.543 1 2.543 1
Financial assets at fair value through other
comprehensive income
280 232 280 232
Cash at bank
2.070 1.576 2.060 1.576
Total credit risk exposure
15.321 8.926 15.311 8.926
Currency risk is the risk that the value of financial instruments will fluctuate due to changes in foreign exchange rates. Currency rate risk
arises when future commercial transactions and recognised assets and liabilities are denominated in a currency that is not the Group’s
measurement currency. The Group is exposed to foreign exchange risk arising from various currency exposures primarily with respect to
the United States Dollar (US$). The Group's management monitors the exchange rate fluctuations and exposure on foreign currency
transactions on a continuous basis and acts accordingly.
A 10% strengthening of the Euro against the United States Dollar at 31 December 2022 would have increased equity and profit or loss by
€6 thousand (2021: €1,6 thousand). This analysis assumes that all other variables, in particular interest rates, remain constant. For a 10%
weakening of the Euro against the United States Dollar, there would be an equal and opposite impact on the profit and other equity.
Credit risk arises when a failure by counter parties to discharge their obligations could reduce the amount of future cash inflows from
financial assets on hand at the statement of financial position date. The Company has no significant concentration of credit risk. The Group
has policies in place to ensure that sales of products and services are made to customers with an appropriate credit history and monitors on
a continuous basis the ageing profile of its receivables. The Group has policies to limit the amount of credit exposure to any financial
institution.
Carrying amount
Average rate
Reporting date spot rate
Group
Company
Carrying amount
A reasonably possible increase of 100 basis points in interest rates at the reporting date would have decreased equity and profit or loss by
€157 thousand (2021: €48 thousand). This analysis assumes that all other variables, in particular foreign currency rates, remain constant.
For a decrease of 100 basis points there would be an equal and opposite impact on the profit and other equity.
The carrying amount of financial assets representing the maximum credit exposure to credit risk at the reporting date was:
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 67
Net carrying
amount
Specific
provisions
Weighted
average loss
rate
Loss
allowances
Current (not past due) 8.982
-
0,0% -
1-30 days past due 592
-
0,0% -
31-60 days past due 142
-
0,0% -
61-90 days past due 33
-
0,0% -
More than 90 days past due 282
204
0,0% -
10.031 204 -
Net carrying
amount
Specific
provisions
Weighted
average loss
rate
Loss
allowances
Current (not past due) 6.021
-
0,40% 24,0
1-30 days past due 417
-
2,70% 11,0
31-60 days past due 96
-
4,90% 5,0
61-90 days past due -
-
6,00% -
More than 90 days past due 324
201
6,70% 8,0
6.858 201 48,0
Liquidity risk
The following table provides information about estimated exposure to credit risk and ECL’s for trade receivables and contract assets from
individual customers and for corporate customers as at 31 December 2022 :
Loss rates are based on actual credit loss experience over the past 5 years. These rates are multiplied by scalar factors to reflect
differences between economic conditions during the period over which the historical data has been collected, current conditions and the
Group’s view of economic conditions over the expected lives of the receivables.
The Group has policies to limit the amount of credit exposure to any financial institution. The table below shows an analysis of the
Company's bank deposits by the credit rating of the bank in which they are held:
The following table provides information about estimated exposure to credit risk and ECL’s for trade receivables and contract assets from
individual customers and for corporate customers as at 31 December 2021:
Liquidity risk is the risk that arises when the maturity of assets and liabilities does not match. An unmatched position potentially enhances
profitability, but can also increase the risk of losses. The Group has procedures with the object of minimising such losses such as
maintaining sufficient cash and other highly liquid current assets and by having available an adequate amount of committed credit facilities.
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Ba2 4
1359 0 4 1.349 -
Aa2 1
684 865 1 684 865
Ba1 1
27 0
1
27 -
B1 -
- 441
-
- 441
Ba3 -
- 173 - - 173
B2 -
- 97
-
- 97
2.070 1.576 2.060 1.576
No. of
banks
2022
No. of
banks
2022
Bank group based on credit ratings by Moody's
Group
Company
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 68
Group
Company
Industry risk
Operational risk
The following are the contractual maturities of financial liabilities, including estimated interest payments:
- National and international economic and geopolitical factors and markets;
- The growth of the construction and real estate sectors;
The activities of the Group are subject to various risks and uncertainties related to the construction industry and the economy in general.
These activities are influenced by a number of factors which include, but are not restricted, to the following:
- The impact of war, terrorist acts, diseases and epidemics which are likely to influence tourists’ arrivals on the island of Cyprus;
- Increases in labour and energy costs;
The Group has access to financing facilities of €37.112 thousand, of which €21.409 thousand were unused at the end of the reporting
period. The Group expects to meet its other obligations from operating cash flows.
The Group has a secured bank loans that contains loan covenants. A future breach of covenants may require the Group to repay the loan
earlier than indicated in the above table. Under the agreement, the covenants are monitored on a regular basis by the accounting
department and regularly reported to management to ensure compliance with the agreement.
- Increased domestic competition as well as competition from neighbouring countries.
Operational risk is the risk that derives from any deficiencies relating to the Group’s information technology, production processes and
control systems as well as the risk of a human error and natural disasters. The Group’s systems are evaluated, maintained, and upgraded
continuously.
Non-derivative financial
liabilities
Carrying
amount
Contractual
cash flow
Payable on
demand
and up to 6
months
6 - 12
months
1 - 2 years 2 - 5 years
More than
5 years
€000 €000 €000 €000 €000 €000 €000
31 December 2022
Secured bank loans 15.703 (17.573) (1.921) (1.913) (871) (10.631) (2.237)
Trade and other payables 11.851 (11.851) (11.851) - - - -
27.554 (29.424) (13.772) (1.913) (871) (10.631) (2.237)
31 December 2021
Secured bank loans 4.760 (6.047) (549) (550) (1.099) (3.301) (548)
Trade and other payables 6.517 (6.517) (6.517) - - - -
11.277 (12.564) (7.066) (550) (1.099) (3.301) (548)
Non-derivative financial
liabilities
Carrying
amount
Contractual
cash flow
Payable on
demand
and up to 6
months
6 - 12
months
1 - 2 years 2 - 5 years
More than
5 years
€000 €000 €000 €000 €000 €000 €000
31 December 2022
Secured bank loans 15.703 (17.573) (1.921) (1.913) (871) (10.631) (2.237)
Trade and other payables 11.850 (11.850) (11.850) - - - -
27.553 (29.423) (13.771) (1.913) (871) (10.631) (2.237)
31 December 2021
Secured bank loans 4.760 (6.047) (549) (550) (1.099) (3.301) (548)
Trade and other payables 6.515 (6.515) (6.515) - - - -
11.275 (12.562) (7.064) (550) (1.099) (3.301) (548)
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 69
Operational environment
Environmental risk
Compliance risk
Litigation risk
Reputation
Environmental risk is the risk to comply with environmental regulations of the Republic of Cyprus and the EU. The risk is limited through the
monitoring controls applied by the Group. Further the Group is exposed to price fluctuations on emission rights depending on its emission
rights surplus or deficit. The Group's position is therefore constantly monitored to ensure correct risk management.
Compliance risk is the risk of financial loss, including fines and other penalties, which arises from non-compliance with the laws and
regulations of the Republic of Cyprus and the EU. The risk is limited through the monitoring controls applied by the Group.
Litigation risk is the risk of financial loss which arises from the interruption of the Group’s operations or any other undesirable situation that
arises from the possibility of non-execution or violation of legal contracts and consequently from lawsuits. The risk is restricted through the
contracts used by the Group to execute its operations.
The risk of loss of reputation arising from the negative publicity relating to the Group’s operations (whether true or false) may result in a
reduction of its clientele, reduction in revenue and legal cases against the Group. The management is monitoring such developments
through its sustainable development and corporate governance policies and procedures to mitigate such risks.
The event is reflected in the recognition and measurement of the assets and liabilities in the financial statements as at 31 December 2022.
The Company's management has assessed:
Increased costs of production (e.g. because of increased energy costs or inflation) have implications on the Company’s working capital. The
Company has adequate working capital facilities to continue its operations and has further taken measure to increase the availability of
such facilities to cover against any additional future needs.
2. whether the net realisable value for the Company's inventory exceeds cost.
3. the ability of the Company to continue as a going concern
The financial effect of the current crisis on the global economy and overall business activities cannot be estimated with reasonable certainty
though, due to the pace at which the outbreak expands and the high level of uncertainties arising from the inability to reliably predict the
outcome. Management's current expectations and estimates could differ from actual results.
Management has considered the unique circumstances that had a material impact on the business operations and the risk exposures of the
Company and has concluded that the main impacts on the Company's profitability/liquidity position have arisen from:
Management has assessed and is in the process of reassessing the trading and relevant cash flows using revised assumptions and
incorporating downside scenarios in assessing actual and potential financing needs, taking into consideration the main impacts identified
above.
From the analysis performed no additional liquidity needs/impact on financial covenants have been identified.
Management will continue to monitor the situation closely and assess additional measures as a fall back plan in case the period of
disruption becomes prolonged.
The Company's management believes that it is taking all the necessary measures to maintain the viability of the Company and the
development of its business in the current business and economic environment.
· interruption of production,
1. whether any impairment allowances are deemed necessary for the Company's financial assets, non-financial assets (e.g., property, plant
& equipment) by considering the economic situation and outlook at the end of the reporting period.
The ongoing conflict in Ukraine, continues to exacerbate the energy crisis. The disruption to natural gas supplies from Russia, combined
with the increased demand for energy during the winter months, has resulted in higher energy prices and supply chain disruptions.
The Company does not have direct exposure to the countries involved, however the operations are affected by the overall economic
uncertainty and negative impacts on the global economy and major commodity and financial markets arising from the war.
· supply chain disruptions,
· unavailability of personnel,
· reduction in sales due to closure of facilities and stores and search for alternatives,
· delays in planned business expansion
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 70
Capital management
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Total secured bank loans (note 24)
15.703
4.760
15.703
4.760
Bank overdraft (note 22)
-
7.761
-
7.761
Less cash in hand and at bank (note 22)
(2.209)
(1.612)
(2.199)
(1.612)
Net position 13.494 10.909 13.504 10.909
Total equity 248.537 247.586 247.683 246.791
Net debt to equity ratio 0,05 0,04 0,05 0,04
35 Fair values
36 Contingent Liabilities
37 Commitments
2022 2021 2022 2021
€000 €000 €000 €000
Property, plant and equipment
3.458
2.774
3.458 2.774
.
Capital expenditure contracted for at the reporting date but not yet incurred is as follows:
The Board seeks to maintain a balance between the higher returns that might be possible with higher levels of borrowings and the
advantages and security afforded by a sound capital position.
The fair value of the investments in securities quoted on the Cyprus Stock Exchange is disclosed in note 19. The fair value of investment
property is disclosed in note 14. The fair values of the other monetary assets and liabilities are approximately the same as their book
values.
As at 31 December 2022 , the Group had contingent liabilities in respect of bank guarantees arising in the ordinary course of business from
which the Board of Directors is not anticipating that material liability will arise. These guarantees amounted to €626 thousand (2021 : €546
thousand).
Group
Carrying amount
Company
Carrying amount
The Group monitors capital based on the ratio of borrowings to total equity. This ratio is calculated as net debt divided by total equity. For
the Group and the Company, net debt is calculated as the total of loans and bank overdrafts less cash on hand and at banks. Total capital
corresponds to 'equity' as presented in the statement of financial position.
The ratio of net debt to total equity is calculated as follows:
Group
Company
Carrying amount
Carrying amount
On 24 February 2023 the Commission for the Protection of Competition (CPC) issued a decision for infringement by the Company of
section 6(1)(a) of “The Protection of Competition Laws of 2008 and 2014” and imposed an administrative fine of €5m. A Recourse was filed
on 24 March 2023 at the Administrative Court of Cyprus by the Company, contesting the aforementioned CPC decision. Based on legal
advice, the Board of Directors of the Company believes that the recourse filed by the Company will be successful and no liability provision is
included in the financial statements.
The Board’s policy is to maintain a strong capital base so as to maintain investor, creditor and market confidence and to sustain future
development of the business. The Board of Directors monitors the return on capital, which the Group defines as the amount of net income
returned as a percentage of total shareholder equity.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 71
38 Events after the reporting period
The Directors proposed the payment of a dividend of €0,13 per Ordinary Share out of the profits of 2021 (€0,085) and 2022 (€0,045)
included in Retained Earnings. If approved at the Annual General Meeting, the dividend will be paid to the entitled shareholders registered
as at 8 June 2023 (record date).
There were no other material events after the reporting period, until the date of the signing of the financial statements which affect the
financial statements as at 31 December 2022.
ANNUAL REPORT ‘22 | 72
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